Rotifera

We reproduce the descriptions of morphology from following report;

ref. ID; 3334
H. J. G. Dartnall & Eric D. Hollowday, "Antarctic Rotifers" British Antarctic Survey Scientific Reports No. 100, 1985
Copyright: British Antarctic Survey (www.antarctica.ac.uk)
and we thank following scientists for quoting some descriptions from their papers.

We reproduce the figures of morphology from following paper;

ref. ID; 3114
Sudzuki Minoru, "New Systematical Approach to the Japanese Planktonic Rotatoria" Hydrobiologia XXIII, 1964
Copyright: Kluwer Academic Publishers (www.wkap.nl)

Genus list

[B]
Balatro, Beauchampia (Syn. Cephalosiphon), Beauchampiella, Bipalpus (Syn. Dictyoderma), Birgea, Brachionus (See; Schizocerca), Bradyscela, Bryceella (= Bryceela)

[C]
Callidina, Cephalodella (Syn. Diaschiza, Diglena), Ceratotrocha, Chromogaster (Syn. Anapus), Collotheca (Syn. Floscularia), Colurella (Syn. Colurus), Conochiloides, Conochilopsis, Conochilus, Cupelopagis (Syn. Apsilus, Dictyophora), Cyrtonia

[D]
Dicranophoroides, Dicranophorus (Syn. Arthroglena, Diglena, Dekinia, Distemma, Kermodon), Didymodactylus (Syn. Didymodactylos), Diglena, Dipleuchlanis, Diplois, Dissotrocha, Diurella (See; Trichocerca), Dorria, Dorystoma, Drilophaga

[E]
Elosa, Embata, Encentroides, Encentrum (Syn. Encentroides, Parencentrum), Enteroplea (Syn. Triphylus, Tryphylus), Eosphora, Eothinia, Epiphanes (Syn. Hydatina, Notops), Erignatha, Euchlanis (Syn. Dapidia), Eudactylota, Euteroplea

[F]
Fadeewella (See; Filinia), Filinia (Syn. Fadeewella, Pedetes, Triarthra), Floscularia (Syn. Melicerta, Tubicolaria)

[G]
Gastroschiza, Gastropus (Syn. Hudsonella, Hudsonia), Gossea

[H]
Habrotrocha, Harringia (Syn. Asplanchnopus, Dinops), Henoceros (Syn. Monoceros), Hertwigella (Syn. Ascomorphella, Hertwigia), Heterolepadella, Hexarthra (See; Pedalia), Horaella

[I]
Inflatana, Itura

[K]
Kellicottia, Keratella (Syn. Anuraea), Kostea

[L]
Lacinularia (Syn. Megalotrocha in part, Strophosphaera), Lecane (Syn. Cathypna, Catypna, Cercaria, Diarthra, Distyla, Hemimonostyla, Monostyla), Lepadella (Syn. Eulepadella, Hexastomma, Metopidia, Notogonia, Xenolepadella), Liliferotrocha, Limnias (Syn. Cephalosiphon, Limnioides), Lindia, Lophocharis (Syn. Oxysterna)

[M]
Macrochaetus (Syn. Polychaetus), Macrotrachela, Manfredium, Metadiaschiza, Microcodon, Microcodides, Mikrocodides, Mniobia, Monommata, Myersinella (Syn. Myersina), Mytilina (Syn. Diplacidium, Diplax, Salpina)

[N]
Notholca, Notommata

[O]
Octotrocha, Otostephanus (= Otostephanos)

[P]
Paracephalodella, Paracolurella, Paradicranophorus, Parafilinia, Paralepadella, Paranuraeopsis, Parencentropsis, Parencentrum (Syn. Parencentropsis), Pedalia (See; Hexarthra, Syn. Pedalion), Pedipartia (Syn. Dicranella), Philodina, Philodinavus (Syn. Microdina), Plationus, Platyias (= Platyas) (Syn. Noteus), Pleurotrochopsis, Pleurata, Pleuretra, Pleurotrocha, Ploesoma (Syn. Gastroschiza, Gomphogaster), Polyarthra (Syn. Anarthra), Pompholyx, Postclausa (Syn. Hyptopus), Proales, Proalides, Proalinopsis, Pseudoecistes, Pseudoeuchlanis, Pseudoharringia, Pseudonotholca, Pseudoploesoma, Ptygura (Syn. Oecistes, Pseudoecistes)

[R]
Repauliana, Resticula, Rhinoglena (Syn. Rhinops), Rotaria (Syn. Esechielina, Ezechielina, Furcularia, Rotatoria, Rotifer), Rousseletia (= Rousselettia)

[S]
Scaridium, Scepanotrocha, Schizocerca, Sinantherina (Syn. Megalotrocha, Voronkowia), Sphyrias, Squatinella (Syn. Stephanops), Stephanoceros (Syn. Coronella), Streptognatha (= Streptognathe), Synantherina (Syn. Megalotrocha in part), Synchaeta

[T]
Taphrocampa, Testudinella (Syn. Proboskidea, Pterodina), Tetramastix, Tetrasiphon, Trichocerca (See; Diurella, Syn. Acanthodactylus, Coelopus, Diurella, Mastigocerca, Monocerca, Rattulus, Vaginaria), Trichotria (Syn. Dinocharis), Tripleuchlanis, Trochosphaera, Tylotrocha

[V]
Vanoyella, Voronkowia

[W]
Wierzejskiella, Wingrella (Syn. Wigrella), Wolga, Wulfertia

[Z]
Zelinkiella (Syn. Discopus)

Identification key

Monogononta

Bdelloidea

• Corona
  Reduced or absent: Henoceros, Philodinavus
  Hornlike process: Ceratotrocha
  Specified: Scepanotrocha

• Cuticle
  Coarse: Dissotrocha
  Leathery: Pleuretra

• Eyespot
  Two
  Rotaria

• Toes
  Two
  Didymodactylus
  Three (one dorsal and two terminal)
  Adineta, Habrotrocha, Macrotrachela, Rotaria
  Four (two dorsal and two terminal)
  Dissotrocha, Embata, Philodina, Philodinavus, Pleuretra
  Specified (cuplike suckers or disc)
  Mniobia

Monogononta

• Sessile
  Beauchampia, Collotheca, Cupelopagis, Floscularia, Lacinularia, Limnias, Ptygura, Stephanoceros

• Colony
  Conochilus , Conochiloides, Floscularia, Lacinularia, Sinantherina

• Gelatinous tube
  Collotheca, Conochilus, Conochiloides, Lacinularia, Octotrocha, Stephanoceros, Voronkowia

• Tube
  Beauchampia, Floscularia, Limnias, Ptygura

• Lorica

  [Absent]
  Asplanchna , Asplanchnopus, Cyrtonia, Dorria, Drilophaga, Epiphanes, Harringia, Horaella, Itura, Notommata, Rousseletia, Synchaeta , Taphrocampa, Trochosphaera, Tylotrocha

  [Rigid]
  Dorsal and ventral plates
  Anuraeopsis, Argonotholca, Brachionus , Chromogaster, Dipleuchlanis, Euchlanis , Kellicottia, Keratella , Lecane , Lepadella , Macrochaetus, Notholca, Platyias, Pseudoeuchlanis, Pompholyx, Squatinella, Testudinella, Tripleuchlanis, Wolga
  Two lateral plates
  Colurella , Paracolurella
  Ventral plate and two lateral plates
  Mytilina
  A single cylindrical piece
  Elosa, Gastropus, Ploesoma, Pseudoploesoma, Trichocerca, Trichotria
  Lorica constructed differently
  Lophocharis

  [Thin]
  Ascomorpha, Ascomorphella, Beauchampiella, Cephalodella , Proales, Scaridium

• Corona
  Lobed
  Beauchampia, Collotheca, Floscularia, Limnias, Octotrocha, Pseudoecistes, Ptygura
  Heart-shaped
  Lacinularia

• Appendages
  Hexarthra, Polyarthra

• Large dorsal antenna
  Liliferotrocha

• Long spine-like projections
  Bryceella, Filinia, Kellicottia, Macrochaetus, Parafilinia , Squatinella, Synchaeta , Tetramastix

• Foot
  Segmented
  Birgea, Colurella , Cyrtonia, Dorria, Eosphora, Harringia, Itura, Lepadella , Microcodides, Microcodon, Notommata, Paracolurella, Platyias, Pleurotrocha, Proalinopsis, Proales, Tripleuchlanis, Wierzejskiella
  Annulated
  Brachionus , Gastropus, Ploesoma, Sphyrias, Testudinella, Tylotrocha
  Ciliated foot end
  Testudinella, Voronkowia

• Longer toes (longer than trunk)
  Monommata

• Large rostrum
  Aspelta, Dicranophorus, Encentrum

• Eyespot
  One
  Cephalodella , Cyrtonia, Encentrum, Notommata, Pleurotrocha, Resticula, Rousseletia
  Two
  Elosa, Dicranophorus, Pompholyx, Proales, Rhinoglena, Sphyrias, Testudinella
  Three
  Eothinia, Itura

• Mastax
  Aberrant
  Birgea
  Cardate
  Lindia
  Forcipate
  Albertia, Aspelta, Dicranophorus, Encentrum, Erignatha, Microcodon, Myersinella, Pedipartia, Streptognatha, Wierzejskiella, Wingrella
  Incudate
  Asplanchna , Asplanchnopus, Harringia
  Malleate
  Anuraeopsis, Argonotholca, Beauchampiella, Brachionus , Bryceella, Colurella , Cyrtonia, Dipleuchlanis, Epiphanes, Euchlanis , Kellicottia, Keratella , Lecane , Lepadella , Lophocharis, Macrochaetus, Manfredium, Microcodides, Mytilina, Notholca, Paracolurella, Platyias, Proales, Proalinopsis, Pseudoeuchlanis, Rhinoglena, Squatinella, Trichotria , Tripleuchlanis
  Malleoramate
  Beauchampia, Conochilus, Conochiloides, Filinia, Floscularia, Hexarthra, Horaella, Lacinularia, Limnias, Octotrocha, Pompholyx, Pseudoecistes, Ptygura, Sinantherina, Testudinella, Tetramastix, Trochosphaera
  Ramate
  Abrochtha, Anomopus, Adineta, Bradyscela, Ceratotrocha, Didymodactylus, Dissotrocha, Embata, Habrotrocha, Henoceros, Macrotrachela, Mniobia, Otostephanus, Philodina, Philodinavus, Pleuretra, Rotaria, Scepanotrocha, Zelinkiella
  Uncinate
  Acyclus, Atrochus, Collotheca, Cupelopagis, Stephanoceros
  Virgate
  Ascomorpha, Ascomorphella, Cephalodella , Chromogaster, Dorria, Drilophaga, Elosa, Enteroplea, Eosphora, Gastropus, Itura, Monommata, Notommata, Pleurotrocha, Ploesoma, Polyarthra, Pseudoploesoma, Resticula, Rousseletia, Scaridium, Sphyrias, Synchaeta , Taphrocampa, Tetrasiphon, Trichocerca, Tylotrocha

• Cyclomorphism
  Kellicottia, Keratella

• Polymorphism
  Asplanchna, Brachionus , Filinia, Notholca

• Dimorphism (Male present)
  Asplanchna Hexarthra, Keratella, Lecane, Notommata, Paradicranophorus, Polyarthra, Pompholyx, Proales, Resticula, Scaridium, Trichocerca

Scientists list

• Dr. Alois Herzig
  Address: Biologische Station Neusiedler See, A-7142 Illmitz, Austria and Ludwig-Brill-Straess 5, D-4570 Quakenbruck, FRG
  ref. ID; 830
• Dr. Andre M. Gillard (retired)
  ref. ID; 2328, 2836
• Dr. Anne Thane-Fenchel (the deceased)
  ref. ID; 1511, 2710
• Dr. Augustus C. Mamaril
  Address: Institute of Biology College of and Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman 1101 Quenzon City, Philippines
  ref. ID; 3180
• Dr. B. K. Sharma
  Address: Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793 022, INDIA
  ref. ID; 688, 696, 1004, 1803, 1804, 1805, 1943, 2704, 3339
• Dr. Barbara Robertson
  Address: Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia, INPA Caixa Postal 478 69.000 Manaus-Amazonas, Brazil
  ref. ID; 2808, 2809
• Dr. Birger Pejler (the deceased)
  ref. ID; 1450, 2214, 2553, 3017, 3020, 3231, 3257
• Dr. Brit Godske Bjorklund
  Address: Birkelundsbakken 56 N-5231 Paradis, Norway
  ref ID; 3053, 3572, 3573
• Dr. Bruno Berzins (the deceased)
  Caretakers of the heritage from the late Dr. Bruno Berzins: Prof. Wilhelm Graneli
  Address: Department of Limnology, Lund University, Ecology Building Limnology S-223 62 Lund, Sweden
  ref. ID; 2738, 2740, 3019, 3023, 3036, 3237, 3509, 4591, 4592, 4593, 4594, 4595, 4596, 4603, 4604, 4606
• Dr. C. H. Fernando
  Address: Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
  ref. ID; 1847, 2598, 2714, 2715, 3086, 3180
• Dr. C. William Birky, Jr.
  Address: Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Genetics Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Biological Sciences West The University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
  ref. ID; 766
• Dr. Charles L. Brownell
  Address: Oceanic Institute Center For Applied Aquaculture, Makapuu point/41-202 Kalanianaole HWY, Waimanalo, Hawaii 96795, USA
  ref. ID; 822
• Dr. Claude Rougier
  Address: UMR 5556, Hydrobiologie Marine et Continentale, Case 093, Universite Montpellier II, F-34095 Montpellier, France
  ref. ID; 1908
• Dr. Claudia Ricci
  Address: Department Biology, Milan University via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
  ref. ID; 728, 1951, 2649, 6565
• Dr. Devendra Narth Saksena
  Address: R-2, Jiwaji University Campus, Vidya Vihar, Gwalior - 474 001, India
  ref. ID; 110, 663, 2866, 2867, 2868
• Dr. Eric D. Hollowday
  Address: We do not have the address
  ref. ID; 1419, 1488, 3334, 3542
• Dr. F. K. Kakkassery
  Address: Research & Post-Graduate Department of Zoology, St. Thomas College, Trichur, Kerala 680 001, India
  ref. ID; 2923
• Dr. Frederic Edward Cocks (the deceased, 1884-1941)
• Dr. George Mulamoottil
  Address: University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
  ref. ID; 2599, 5936
• Dr. Greta Morling (the deceased)
  ref. ID; 2214
• Dr. H. J. G. Dartnall
  Address: We do not have the address
  ref. ID; 3334
• Dr. H. K. Harring (the deceased -1928)
  ref. ID; 3245
• Dr. Hada Yoshine
  Address: We do not have the address
  ref. ID; 3170
• Dr. Hendrik Segers
  Address: Laboratory Animal Ecology, Zoogeography and Nature Conservation, Department M. S. E., University of Ghent, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
  ref. ID; 953, 1324, 1831, 1898, 2199, 2418, 2844, 2845, 2897, 2913, 2914, 2915, 2922, 2923, 2936, 2984, 2985, 3004, 3591, 3592, 6565, 6645
• Dr. Henri J. Dumont
  Address: Laboratory Animal Ecology, Zoogeography and Nature Conservation, Department M. S. E., University of Ghent, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
  ref. ID; 953, 1448, 1831, 1833, 2825, 2897, 2912, 2918, 5932
  Dr. Hirayama Kazutsugu (retired)
  Address: Graduate School of Marine Sciences and Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
  ref. ID; 3120
• Dr. John J. Gilbert
  Address: Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
  ref. ID; 766, 2943, 2989
• Dr. John P. Smol
  Address: Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
  ref. ID; 1499
• Dr. Kuno Thomasson
  Address: UPPSALA UNIVERSITET, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Department of Plant Ecology, Villavagenb 14 SE-752 36 Uppsalla, Sweden
  ref. ID; 2251, 3387
• Dr. La-orsri Sanoamuang
  Address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
  ref. ID; 1027, 1706, 1709, 1831, 2199
• Dr. Louis Beyens
  Address: University of Antwerpen, Campus Drie Eiken, Department Biology, Polar Ecology, Limnology and Paleobiology, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2510 Wilrijk, Belgium
  ref. ID; 1832
• Dr. M. V. S. S. S. Dhanapathi
  Address: 2-2-1149/1, 6-5, Tirumala Enclave, New Nallakunta, Hyderabad - 500 044. A.P. India
  ref. ID; 689, 690, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1939
• Dr. Margareta Hendelberg (the deceased)
  ref. ID; 2214
• Dr. Nora P. Zankai
  Address: Biological Research Institute, Academy of Sciences, Tihany, Hungary
  ref. ID; 1847
• Dr. Rafael Morales-Baquero
  Address: Depto. Biologia Animal Ecologia Fac. Ciencias. Univ. Granada 18071 Granada, Spain
  ref. ID; 1412, 1449
• Dr. Rama Chengalath
  Address: 1207-3360 Southgate Road, Ottawa, K1V9A6, Ontario, Canada
  ref. ID; 829, 2599, 2600, 2601, 2714, 2715, 3086, 5936
• Dr. Richard S. Stemberger
  Address: Biology Department Dartmouth College Hanover, NH 03755, USA
  ref. ID; 2773
• Dr. Robert L. Wallance
  Address: Department of Biology, Ripon College, 300 Seward Street, Post Office Box 248, Ripon Wisconsin 54971, USA
  ref. ID; 1827, 3591
• Dr. Robert W. Pennak
  Address: 2501 E. 104th Ave., Thornton, CO 80233, USA
  ref. ID; 1663
• Dr. Roger Pourriot
  Address: Laboratoire Geologie Appliquee, B 123, Universite Paris 6, 4 place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
  ref. ID; 1908
• Dr. Russell J. Shiel
  Address: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre, P. O. Box 921, Albury, N.S.W., 2640, Australia
  ref. ID; 1417, 1706, 1834, 1945, 2758, 2759, 2886, 2892, 3191
• Dr. Sudzuki Minoru
  Address: Biological Laboratory Nippon University, Higashi-arai, Omiya-shi Saitama-ken 330-0825, Japan
  ref. ID; 1978, 2261, 2392, 2417, 2587, 2874, 3064, 3065, 3066, 3067, 3068, 3069, 3070, 3071, 3072, 3073, 3074, 3083, 3084, 3114, 3534, 3535, 3536, 5007, 5008
• Dr. Thomas Nogrady
  Address: We do not have the address
  ref. ID; 1499, 1807, 1827, 1850, 2593, 2894
• Dr. Vladimir Sladecek
  Address: VYSOKA SKOLA CHEMICKO-TECHNOLOGICKA Technicka 5, 166 28 Praha 6, Czechoslovakia
  ref. ID; 2656, 2733, 2734, 2860, 3192, 3409, 3505
• Dr. W. T. Edmondson
  Address: University of Washington Dept. of Zoology Box 351800, Seattle, WA 98195-1800, USA
  ref. ID; 1923, 2760, 2761, 2762, 2771, 2772, 2939, 3160, 3196, 3259, 3513
• Dr. Walter Koste
  Address: Ludwig-Brill-Str. 5 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
  ref. ID; 680, 830, 1417, 1469, 1834, 1837, 1945, 2715, 2758, 2759, 2808, 2809, 2834, 2886, 2891, 2892, 2919, 2939, 3191
• Dr. Yamamoto Kokichi (the deceased)
  ref. ID; 2393, 3054, 3055, 3063