Ref ID : 4849
Wolfgang Petz; Morphology and Morphogenesis of Strombidium kryalis nov. spec. (Ciliophora, Strombidiida) from Antarctic Sea Ice. Arch.Protistenk 144:185-195, 1994
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The morphology and morphogenesis of Strombidium kryalis nov. spec. were investigated using protargol silver impregnation. Strombidium kryalis occurs in the brine-filled pore system of Antarctic sea ice. The comparatively small adoral zone of membranelles forms an almost closed spiral around the apical area. The ventral adoral membranelles invaginate on this anterior surface. Strombidium kryalis possesses a single, contractile vacuole. The cytoplasm includes numerous sequestered chloroplasts, some retained from crypotophytes and most from other microalgae. Morphogenesis is enantiotropic, i.e. proter and opisthe are connected by their posterior portions and are 180 degrees inverted during some divisional stages. The oral primordium originates apokinetally near the cell surface. Subsequently, it moves deeper into the cell and differentiates in a temporary sac. The oral anlage evaginates rather early. The somatic ciliature forms by 2 rounds of intrakinetal basal body proliferation; the kineties simply divide. These morphogenetic events confirm a proposed sister-group relationship between Strombidiida (strombidiids) and Oligotrichida (tintinnids and strobilidiids).