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The World of Protozoa, Rotifera, Nematoda and Oligochaeta

Paraquadrula

Paraquadrula Deflandre, 1932 (ref. ID; 3686)

ref. ID; 1923

Shell normally globular, more or less compressed, with calcareous plates. Very easily to identify in polarized light; in crossed nicols the plates are beautifully illuminated. (ref. ID; 1923)

ref. ID; 3686

Shell colourless; ovoid; composed of quadrangular calcite shell-plates; aperture terminal, oval. (ref. ID; 3686)
  1. Paraquadrula discoides (Penard, 1893) Deflandre (ref. ID; 2059, 2080)
  2. Paraquadrula globulosa (Penard, 1891) Deflandre (ref. ID; 2059, 2080)
  3. Paraquadrula irregularis Archer (ref. ID; 1923, 2080) or (Archer) Deflandre, 1932 (ref. ID; 3279)
  4. Paraquadrula madarica Valkanov, 1962 (ref. ID; 2122)
  5. Paraquadrula ogdeni Beyens & Chardez, 1997 (ref. ID; 2818 original paper)
  6. Paraquadrula pachylepis Bonnet, 1959 (ref. ID; 2080, 2464 original paper) reported year? (ref. ID; 3383)
  7. Paraquadrula penardi Deflandre, 1953 (ref. ID; 2080)
  8. Paraquadrula rotunda Schonborn, 1966 (ref. ID; 2065 original paper)

Paraquadrula irregularis Archer (ref. ID; 1923, 2080) or (Archer) Deflandre, 1932 (ref. ID; 3279)

Descriptions

Very minute. Discoid in front view, in side view ovoid, or more or less compressed without any perceptible neck. Aperture elliptic. Protoplasm clear, pseudopodia few, transparent. Habitat tufts of moss on wet rocks and among Sphagnum. (ref. ID; 1923)

Measurements

Diameter 30-40 µm. (ref. ID; 1923)

Paraquadrula ogdeni Beyens & Chardez, 1997 (ref. ID; 2818 original paper)

Descriptions

The shell is perfectly oval, in cross-section circular or slightly oval. The aperture is terminal, circular, without prominent lip or collar. It is entirely composed of calcareous, quadrangular shell-plates, arranged in transversal rows. Sometimes the arrangement is rather irregular, and some superposition may occur. The aperture has sometimes an angular border due to the bordering shell-pates. It makes an angle of approximate 40 degrees till 45 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the shell. (ref. ID; 2818)
  • Cyst: A cyst has been observed, which is spherical, colourless, and smooth. (ref. ID; 2818)

    Comments

    This species is distinguished from P. madarica Valkanov by the smaller dimensions and the circular aperture. (ref. ID; 2818)

    Measurements

    Length of shell 24-26; diameter of shell 14-16.5; aperture diameter 6-6.5; scale 4-4 till 4-4.5 µm. Cyst diameter 13-14 µm. (ref. ID; 2818)