Paractinolaimus
Paractinolaimus Meyl, 1957 (ref. ID; 6572)
Family Paractinolaimidae (ref. ID; 6572)
Family Actinolaimidae (ref. ID; 6740)
- Paractinolaimus intermedius Altherr, 1968 (ref. ID; 6572)
- Paractinolaimus longidrilus Eveleigh, 1982 (ref. ID; 6572 original paper)
- Paractinolaimus macrolaimus (De Man, 1880) (ref. ID; 6572)
- Paractinolaimus microdentatuas (Thorne, 1939) Meyl, 1957 (ref. ID; 6572)
- Paractinolaimus spanithelus Eveleigh, 1982 (ref. ID; 6572 original paper)
Diagnosis
Paractinolaimus longidrilus n. sp. is most similar to P. intermedius Altherr, 1968, P. microdentatus (Thorne, 1939) Meyl, 1957, and P. macrolaimus (De Man, 1880), but differs from these species by the following: longer spicules (83 versus 63-65 µm for P. intermedius, 67-70 and 72-75 µm for P. microdentatus and P. macrolaimus, respecitvely), heavily cuticularized lateral guiding pieces that are more broady rounded distally larger number of caudal papillae in males (11 pairs versus 7 or 8 for P. intermedius, 8 and 10 for P. microdentatus and P. macrolaimus, respectively), and the larger number of submedian ventral papillae (13 pairs versus 9-11, 8, and 10 for P. intermedius, P. microdentatus, and P. macrolaimus, respectively). Paractinolaimus longidrilus differs from P. intermedius by its spear shape and length (32-33 versus 27-28 µm), its spear width (4-5 versus 3-3.5 µm) its thicker cuticle, and its longer lateral guiding pieces (24 versus 15 µm). It differs from P. microdentatus by having ferwer pairs of caudal papillae in the females (two versus four), fewer rows of denticles in buccal capsule, a shorter spear aperture in relation to spear length, vulval papillae present, longer lateral guiding pieces (24 versus 18-20 µm), and a copulation pad. The vulval plates also differ in shape from those of P. microdentatus. Paractinolaimus longidrilus differs from P. macrolaimus in spear length (32-33 versus 28-30 µm), cuticle thickness at midbody (7-9 versus 3.5-4 µm), longer esophagus (b=3.7-4.2 versus 4.7-4.9), vulval plate shape, spicule shape (less ventrally curved with no proximal thickening), and presence of a copulation pad, which was not reported for P. macrolaimus by Andrassy (1964). (ref. ID; 6572)
Descriptions
Holotype (Male): L=3.46 mm, a=46.1, b=4.3, c=90.9, c'=0.76, T=65.
Body cylindroid, strongly curved ventrally particularly in anal region, 75 µm wide at midbody. Cuticle almost smooth, but marked by fine transverse striae; 5 µm wide in spear region, 9 and 10 µm wide at midbody and immediately anterior to anus, respectively. Lip region 22 µm wide, narrower than adjoining body, about one-third body width at esophagointestinal valve. Amphids weakly delineated, cuplike, 11 µm wide. Vestibular ring finely plicate. Buccal capsule with four large onchia and four or five rows of minute denticles. Spear robust, wider anteriorly; 33 µm long, aperture occupying 42% of length. Guiding ring double. Esophagus with postextension constriction. Nerve ring 180 µm from anterior end, 23% of distance to esophagointestinal valve. Esophagus 800 µm long, expanded posterior part 45% of total length. Dorsal esophageal gland outlet almost at level of esophageal expansion; outlets of first pair of lateroventral glands 8 µm apart, anterior one 220 µm from dorsal; outlets of second pair of lateroventral glands close together, 2 µm apart, the anterior one 95 µm from the most posterior of the first pair and 124 µm from the esophagointestinal valve. Lateral pores in a series of about 26 in neck region, the first five at 23, 31, 52, 100, and 106 µm from anterior end. Basal shield flattened. Esophagointestinal valve elongate-conoid, projecting 41 µm into lumen of intestine. Rectum 1.4 times anal body width. Prerectum very long, extending about two body widths anterior to supplements, 7 times anal body width. Testes paired. Sperm absent (young specimen in late stages of spematogenesis). Spicules slightly curved ventrally, 83 µm long (median line), greatest width 15 µm. Lateral guiding pieces heavily cuticularized, 24 µm long, narrowing distally to rounded terminus. Supplements 1 + 19, large, mammilate, contiguous. Copulation pad present, 37 µm anterior to supplement series. Submedian ventral papillae in 13 pairs, 7 spaced within range of the contiguous 19 supplements, 6 posterior. Tail 38 µm long, conoid to hemispherical, bearing 11 pairs of distinct papillae. (ref. ID; 6572)
Allotype (Female): L=3.20 mm, a=34.7, b=3.8, c=14.2, c'=5.3, V=50.
Lip region rounded, 23 µm wide. Amphids cup shaped, 11 µm wide, 5 µm deep. Spear 33 µm long, aperture occupying 42% of length. Body width 92 µm at vulva. Esophagus 850 µm long expanded posteriorly at 49% of its length. Ovaries reflexed, extending 452 and 455 µm anterior and posterior from vulva. Vulval papillate 65 and 72 µm anterior to vulva and 31 and 56 µm posterior to vulva. Rectum and prerectum 68 and 200 µm long respectively. Tail dorsally convex-conoid, terminus pointed. (ref. ID; 6572)
Paratypes (Eight females): L=3.34(2.97-3.71) mm, a=38(36.6-45.2), b=3.9(3.7-4.2), c=12.6(10.4-13.8), c'=6.1(5.5-7.1), V=47.5(46.5-49.6), G1=13.2(12.5-14.4), G2=12.2(6.0-14.4).
Body straight or slightly curved ventrally when relaxed. Cuticle with minute transverse striae, particularly visible at extremities; 4-5 µm wide in region of spear, 7-9 µm and 8-10 µm wide at midbody and preanal regions, respectively. Lip region 24-25 µm wide, one-quarter to one-third body width at esophagointestinal valve. Amphids 10-11 µm wide, indistinct. Spear 32-33 µm long, 4-5 µm wide, aperture occupying 38-42% of length. Vulva opening a short longitudinal slit, vagina quadrafid, vulva plates 18-20 µm wide, vulva-vagina depth 38(32-43) µm. Vulval papillar present, one or two on each side of vulva. Spermatheca without sperm. Rectum and prerectum 1.2-1.6 and 4.3-5.3 times anal body width, respectively. Tail dorsally convex-conoid then attenuated, 268(226-328) µm long, usually bearing two pair of subdorsal papillae (one specimen with three) and pair of lateral pores. (ref. ID; 6572)
Type locality
Holotype collected from bottom mud 37 km southwest of Tuktoyaktok, Northwest Territories, on the Canyanek inlet systems. Allotype and paratypes collected from Yukon Porcupine River, Caribou Bar Creek. (ref. ID; 6572)
Type designations
Holotype, type slide No.259, collection No.6813. Allotype, type slide No.259a, collection No.6688. Paratypes, type slide Nos.259a-259e, collection No.6688. Specimens desposited in the Canadian National Collection of Nematodes, Ottawa, Canada. (ref. ID; 6572)
Diagnosis
Paractinolaimus spanithelus n. sp. is most similar to P. macrolaimus (De Man, 1880), P. intermedius Altherr, 1968, and P. microdentatuas (Thorne, 1939) Meyl, 1957. It differs from these species by the following: fewer, more widely spaced supplements (12 versus 16-19 in P. macrolaimus, 14-19 in P. intermedius, 18-24 in P. microdentatus), shape of male tail, sperm length (9-10 versus 13-15 µm in P. macrolaimus, and 8 µm in P. intermedius and P. microdentatus, respectively), and the number of pairs of caudal papillae in both sexes. Paractinolaimus spanithelus differs from P. macrolaimus in spear shape, cuticle width in relation to spear width, amphid shape, vulval plate shape, spicule shape and length (67 versus 72-75 µm), shape and length of lateral guiding pieces (19 versus 22-24 µm), and arrangement and number of submedian ventral papillae in males (9 versus 10) (see Andrassy 1964). It differs from P. intermedius in having a larger spear (29-33 versus 27-28 µm), longer lateral guiding pieces (19 versus 15 µm) which are more rounded distally, less strongly curved, longer spicules (67 versus 63-65 µm), and the absence of a copulation pad ("kopulationshocker") (see Altherr 1968). From P. microdentatus it differs in the general appearance of the buccal armature, the number of rows of denticles in buccal capsule, the width of the spear (3-4 versus 4.5-5.5 µm), the percentage of spear length occupied by aperture (34-44 versus 50%), the shape and size of amphids, the shape of the vulval plates, the shape of the female tail, the more rounded terminus of the lateral guiding pieces, and the arrangement and number of submedian ventarl papillae (nine versus eight pairs) (see Thorne 1939; Andrassy 1964). (ref. ID; 6572)
Descriptions
Holotype (Male): L=3.36 mm, a=36, b=4.3, c=76.3, c'=0.98, T=58.5.
Body cylindroid slightly curved ventrally in preanal region, 93 µm wide at midbody. Cuticle with fine transverse striae; 3 µm wide in spear region (approximately equal it spear width), 6 and 7 µm wide at midbody and preanal regions, respectively. Lip region 23 µm wide, rounded, set off by a slight depression, about one-quarter body width at esophagointestinal valve. Amphids indistinct, stirrup shaped, 9 µm wide, slightly less than half head width. Vestibular ring finely plicate. Buccal capsule with four large onchia and three or four transverse rows of minute denticles. Spear 30 µm long, aperture occopying 40% of length. Guiding ring double. Postextension constriction of esophagus present. Nerve ring 200 µm from anterior extremity, 23% of distance to esophagointestinal valve. Esophagus 790 µm long, expanded posteriorly at 47% of its length. Dorsal esophageal gland outlet 5 µm posterior from esophageal enlargement; outlets of first pair of lateroventral glands 7 µm apart, the anterior one 210 µm from dorsal; outlets of second laterovental pair only 3 µm apart, the posterior one 124 µm anterior to esophagointestinal valve. Series of about 18 lateral pores in neck region the first 5 at 26, 32, 62, 92, and 112 µm from the head end. Basal shield flattened. Esophagointestinal valve elongate-conoid, projecting into lumen of intestine. Rectum and prerectum 1.8 amd 5.6 times anal body width, respectively. Testes paired, one reflexed. Sperm fusiform, 9-10 µm long. Spicules slightly curved ventrally, 67 µm long (median line), maximum width 10.5 µm. Lateral guiding pieces 19 µm long, distal end broadly rounded. Supplements consist of an adanal pair and a contiguous ventromedian series of 12, spaced 8-11 µm apart, starting 125 µm anterior to anus. Submedian ventral papillae nine pairs, four posterior to supplements, five spaced within range of 12 supplements. Tail convex-conoid with bluntly rounded terminus, 44 µm long, bearing nine pairs of papillae. (ref. ID; 6572)
Allotype (Female): L=2.81 mm, a=35, b=3.8, c=12.8, c'=6.3, V=49.
Lip region rounded, 21 µm wide, set off by a slight depression. Spear 29 µm long, aperture occupying 41% of length. Body width 80 µm at vulva. Esophagus 715 µm long, expanded posteriorly at 44% of its length. Anterior and posterior ovaries reflexed, extending 322 and 338 µm from vulva respectively. Vulva papilla single, 65 µm posterior to vulva. Rectum and prerectum 40 and 115 µm long respectively. Tail elongate-conoid, terminus minutely rounded. (ref. ID; 6572)
Paratypes (Five females): L=3.70(3.55-3.90) mm, a=46.7(38-53), b=4.6(4.5-4.7), c=17.7(16.1-18.5), c'=5.7(5.0-6.3), V=46.1(45-47), G1=9.2, 9.8 (two females), G2=11.5, 12.6 (two females).
Cuticle predominantly smooth, fine transverse striae visible at body extremities; 3-4 µm wide in spear region, 5-6 µm at midbody, 4-5 µm immediately anterior to anus. Lip region 22(20-23) µm wide, one-quarter to one-third body width at esophagointestinal valve. Amphids faint, 9-10 µm wide, 4 µm deep. Spear 32(32-33) µm long, aperture occupying 38.8% of length. Vulva aperture a shrot longitudinal slit, vagina quadrifid, vulva plates (ring) at junction with vagina cuticle thick, 14-15 µm wide, vulva-vagina depth 28(24-36) µm. Vulval papillae present or absent; if present, indistinct, about 75 µm posterior to vulva. Ovaries paired, reflexed 82-93% of distance to vulva. Spermatheca without sperm. Rectum and prerectum 1.2-1.4 and 4.2-4.8 times anal body diameter, respectively. Tail elongate-conoid, 210(200-220) µm long, terminus pointed or minutely rounded. Usually three pairs of subdorsal caudal papillae (one specimens with two) and two or three pairs of lateral pores present on tail. (ref. ID; 6572)
Type locality
Holotype, allotype, and paratypes collected from bottom mud of the Yukon Porcupine River Caribou Bar Creek. (ref. ID; 6572)
Type designations
Holotype, type slide No.258, collection No.6789. Allotype, type slide No.258a, collection No.6789. Paratype, type slide Nos.258a-258f, collection No.6789. Deposited in the Canadian National Collection of Nematodes, Ottawa, Ontario. (ref. ID; 6572)