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The World of Protozoa, Rotifera, Nematoda and Oligochaeta

Hirschmanniella

Hirschmanniella Luc & Goodey, 1963 (ref. ID; 7198) (= Hirschmaniella)

Tylenchida (ref. ID; 6180)

Family Pratylenchidae (ref. ID; 7198)

ref. ID; 1663

Posterior end conical, not filiform; esophagus overlapping intestine, and median bulb of esophagus prominent and spherical. Spear stout, with large basal knobs. (ref. ID; 1663)
  1. Hirschmanniella anchoryzae Ebsary & Anderson, 1982 (ref. ID; 7198 original paper)
  2. Hirschmanniella areolata Ebsary & Anderson, 1982 (ref. ID; 7198 original paper)
  3. Hirschmanniella behningi (Micoletzky, 1923) Luc and Goodey, 1963 (ref. ID; 7198)
  4. Hirschmanniella belli (ref. ID; 7198)
  5. Hirschmanniella caudacrena Sher, 1968 (ref. ID; 7198)
  6. Hirschmanniella diversa (ref. ID; 7198)
  7. Hirschmanniella dubia (ref. ID; 7198)
  8. Hirschmanniella exigua Khan, 1972 (ref. ID; 7198)
  9. Hirschmanniella gracilis (de Man, 1880) Luc & Goodey, 1962 (ref. ID; 881, 1768, 1795)
  10. Hirschmanniella imamuri (ref. ID; 7198)
  11. Hirschmanniella indica (ref. ID; 7198)
  12. Hirschmanniella loofi (ref. ID; 7198)
  13. Hirschmanniella mangalorensis (ref. ID; 7198)
  14. Hirschmanniella marina (ref. ID; 7198)
  15. Hirschmanniella mexicana (ref. ID; 7198)
  16. Hirschmanniella microtyla Sher, 1968 (ref. ID; 7198)
  17. Hirschmanniella mucronata (ref. ID; 7198)
  18. Hirschmanniella orycrena (ref. ID; 7198)
  19. Hirschmanniella oryzae (Soltwedel, 1889) Luc and Goodey, 1963 (ref. ID; 7198)
  20. Hirschmanniella pisquidensis (ref. ID; 7198)
  21. Hirschmanniella shamimi Ahmad, 1974 (ref. ID; 7198)
  22. Hirschmanniella spinicaudata (ref. ID; 7198)
  23. Hirschmanniella thornei (ref. ID; 7198)
  24. Hirschmanniella zostericola (ref. ID; 7198)

Hirschmanniella anchoryzae Ebsary & Anderson, 1982 (ref. ID; 7198 original paper)

Differential diagnosis

Hirschmanniella anchoryzae n. sp. is readily separated from most species by its short stylet, flattened head, position of the phasmid, and presence of a midterminal mucro at the tail end. It is most similar to H. oryzae (Soltwedel, 1889) Luc and Goodey, 1963, H. caudacrena Sher, 1968, H. microtyla Sher, 1968, H. shamimi Ahmad, 1974, and H. exigua Khan, 1972. These species differ from H. anchoryzae in having tail terminus with a ventrally placed mucro. Ventral notch, or absence of a mucro, and by their more posterior phasmid, less than vesus more than 36 µm from the tail tip. In addition, H. anchoryzae differs in spicule length from H. oryzae, H. shamimi, and H. exigua (28-30 versus 18-26 µm) and in stylet length of females from H. microtyla and H. caudacrena (16-17 versus 18-22 µm). Hirschmanniella anchoryzae differs most readily from H. gracilis in stylet length (16-17 versus 20-24 µm (cf. Sher (1968) but is generally similar in most other characters. (ref. ID; 7198)

Descriptions

  • Female: Body ventrally arcuate, annules fine, distinct, 1.2-1.4 µm wide, body width 23-31 µm. Lateral field irregularly areolated by faint striae, inner incisures smooth. Head low, apex flattened, continuous with body contour, with four or five fine transverse annules. Head skeleton of moderate development, basal ring in lateral view arcuate, not strongly thickened. Stylet development consistent with that of head skeleton, knobs rounded, anterior surface typically convex. Esophagus 294(267-349) µm long, 120(97-139) µm to esophagointestinal valve, gland lobes extending 174(142-232) µm posteriorly over intestine. Excretory pore 119-137 µm posterior to head apex, usually posterior (7-29 µm) to esophagointestinal valve. Diameter of excretory pore about equal to that of duct, at level with body surface. Hemizonid 6(1-10) µm anterior to excretory pore. Ovaries opposed, outstretched, spermatheca saccate, filled with sperms, rest of reproductive system narrowly cylindroid. Cuticular lining of vagina thin, of uniform thickness. Ventral surface of tail with 77(60-88) annules extending to terminus. Tail elongate-conoid, 117(92-150) mm long, ending in a midterminal mucro. Outer incisures of lateral field ending near tail terminus. Phasmids minute, 46(37-57) µm, or 31(26-35) annules anterior to tail terminus, at 61(55-71)% of tail length from anus. (ref. ID; 7198)
  • Male: Similar to females in general characteristics. Excretory pore 112(104-127) µm posterior to head end, hemizonid 6(1-12) µm anterior. Tail length 81(70-86) µm long, termination in a fine terminal mucro. Bursa with distinct annules, ending at or slightly below phasmids. Phasmids 33(24-41) µm, anterior to terminus, at 59(49-69)% of tail length from anus. Spicules arcuate, cephalated, distal ends pointed. Gubernaculum linear, narrowly fusiform, ends acute, dorsal part recurved to varying degrees. (ref. ID; 7198)

    Type host and locality

    Holotype, allotype and 10 paratypes collected October 23, 1957, from the rhizosphere of submerged sword grass, Scirpus americanus Pers., at Cap Tourmente, Quebec. Other males and females in the type series collected June 6, 1963, from the roots of wild rice, Zizania aquatica L., at the same type locality. (ref. ID; 7198)

    Type designations

    Holotype (female), type slide No.264. Allotype (male), type slide No.264a. Paratypes (sword grass), type slide Nos.264-264d, 264e-h (wild rice), all deposited in the Canadian National Collection of Nematodes, Ottawa. (ref. ID; 7198)

    Measurements

  • Holotype (female): L=1743 µm, a=60, b=13.3, b'=5.6, c=14.5, c'=5.4, V=52. Stylet length 16 µm, M=47. (ref. ID; 7198)
  • Paratypes (five females from sword grass): L=1688(1514-1943) µm, a=64(52-72), b=13(12-14), b'=5.9(5.4-6.5), c=15(13-17), c'=5.8(4.2-6.8), V=51(50-52). Stylet length 16-17 µm, M=43(38-49). (ref. ID; 7198)
  • Paratypes (10 females from wild rice): L=1784(1462-2100) µm, a=64(54-70), b=16(12-19), b'=6.0(5.1-6.6), c=15(14-16), c'=6.3(5.7-6.6), V=52(50-54). Stylet length 16-17 µm, M=45(42-50). (ref. ID; 7198)
  • Allotype (male): L=1375 µm, a=63, b=12.2, b'=5.2, c=18, c'=4.4. Stylet length 16 µm. Spicule length 29 µm. Gubernaculum length 10 µm. (ref. ID; 7198)
  • Paratypes (five males from sword grass, three males from wild rice): L=1261(1119-1297) µm, a=58(45-61), b=11.0(9.7-11.7), b'=4.9(4.4-5.3), c=16(15-19), c'=4.9(4.0-5.8). Stylet length 16(14-17) µm. Spicule length 28-31 µm. Gubernaculum length 9-12 µm. (ref. ID; 7198)

    Hirschmanniella areolata Ebsary & Anderson, 1982 (ref. ID; 7198 original paper)

    Differential diagnosis

    Using the key provided by Sher (1968) Hirschmanniella areolata n. sp. differs from all other species in having a completely areolated lateral field, and from most species in length of the stylet. It is most similar to H. behningi (Micoletzky, 1923) Luc and Goodey, 1963, as redescribed by Sher (1968), from which differs in having a greater tail length, less than 110 µm in H. areolata versus 131 µm, fewer tail annules, 48-61 versus 76, and a more posteriorly placed phasmid, less than 30 µm, or 15 annules from tail terminus versus more than 40 µm, or 25 annules in H. behningi. (ref. ID; 7198)

    Descriptions

  • Female: Body ventrally arcuate to C shaped, annule width near midbody 1.4-2.1 µm. Lateral field completely areolated, outer of four incisures crenate. Head continuous with body, hemispherical, with four to six transverse annules. Head skeleton strongly sclerotized, basal ring thick, outer margins in lateral view following body contour. Stylet robust, knobs 4-5 µm in diameter, bulboid or flangelike. Dorsal esophageal gland orifice 2.5-5.0 µm below stylet. Esophageal procorpus constricted at junction with oval metacorpus. Excretory pore 130-145 µm posterior to head end, depressed, diameter of opening greater than duct. Hemizonid indistinct, immediately anterior to excretory pore. Ovaries opposed, spermathecae saccate, filled with sperms, rest of reproductive system narrowly cylindroid. Vagina depth about half body width, lining of vagina very markedly thickened, dilatory muscles prominent. Tail elongate, conoid, terminus with or without a short ventral mucro. Ventral surface of tail marked by 53(48-61) annules, extending to or slightly anterior to terminus Lateral incisures posterior to midtail reduced to three or two, divided into irregular blocks by transverse striae, terminating at or slightly posterior to phasmid. Phasmids 22-29 µm or 9-14 annules anterior to tail terminus, at 70-75% of tail length. (ref. ID; 7198)
  • Male: Males similar to females except for sexual differences. Body C or G shaped. Head skeleton and stylet less well developed than in female. Excretory pore 121-147 µm posterior to head end. Tail ventrally arcuate, terminus with a short ventral mucro or knob. Annules on tail extending to or slightly anterior to terminus. Bursa coarsely annulated, margins crenate, ending posteriorly at 45-56% of tail length. Spicules arcuate, cephalated. Gubernaculum fusiform, with acute ends. Phasmids 24-32 µm anterior to tail terminus, at 66-75% of tail length. (ref. ID; 7198)

    Type host and locality

    Intercepted in soil from lily bulbs (type host) and water chestnut imported from Hong Kong in 1956 and 1976, respectively by the Plant Protection Division of Agriculture Canada. (ref. ID; 7198)

    Type designations

    Holotype (female), allotype (male) type slide No.263. Paratypes (one male, two females, from lily), type slide No.263. Paratypes (two males, two females, from water chetnut), type slide No.263a. Deposited in the Canadian National Collection of Nematodes, Ottawa. (ref. ID; 7198)

    Measurements

  • Holotype (female): L=2034 µm, a=64, b=14.8, b'=4.9, c=22.6, c'=4.2, V=52. Stylet length 25 µm, M=49. (ref. ID; 7198)
  • Paratypes (two females, from Lily): L=1723, 1934 µm; a=50, 53, b=12.5, 14.4, b'=5.0, 6.7, c=20.6, 24.3, c'=3.1, 3.6, V=52, 55. Stylet length 24, 25 µm, M=42, 47. (ref. ID; 7198)
  • Paratypes (two females, from water chestnut): L=2028, 2063 µm, a=55, 61, b=13.7, 14.4, b'=4.9, 6.0, c=20.0, 21.8, c'=3.8, 4.3, V=51, 54. Stylet length 26, 27 µm, M=45, 47. (ref. ID; 7198)
  • Allotype (male): L=1822 µm, a=70, b=14.5, b'=5.7, c=22, c'=3.4, T=35. Stylet length 27 µm, M=45. Spicule length 31 µm. Gubernaculum 13 µm. (ref. ID; 7198)
  • Paratypes (male, from Lily): L=1687 µm, a=52, b=13.1, b'=5.5, c=19.7, c'=4.3. Stylet length 25 µm, M=50. Spicule length 31 µm. Gubernaculum 15 µm. (ref. ID; 7198)
  • Paratypes (two males, from water chestnut): L=1659, 1737 µm, a=48, 54, b=10.8, 11.8, b'=3.9, 4.0, c=18; c'=4.3, 4.6. Stylet length 25, 27 µm, M=45, 46. Spicule length 29, 31 µm. Gubernaculum 14 µm. (ref. ID; 7198)

    Hirschmanniella gracilis (de Man, 1880) Luc & Goodey, 1962 (ref. ID; 881, 1768, 1795)

    Descriptions

    This species is aquatic vascular plants-feeding nematode. (ref. ID; 1768)

    Obligate plant feeders (plant parasites). (ref. ID; 1795)