Copromyxa
Copromyxa Zopf, 1885 emend. Brown, Silberman, and Spiegel, 2011 (ref. ID; 7126)
Amoebozoa Luhe, 1913, emend. Cavalier-Smith, 1998: Tubulinea Smirnov et al., 2005 (ref. ID; 7126)
[ref. ID; 7126]
Description; Amoebae in active locomotion typically monopodial in form with a well-pronounced hyaline cap and a round to tapering uroid. Uroid not differentiated, but often adhesive filaments form. Locomotive amoebae limax in form, but not eruptive; length/breadth ratio mean approximately 4. Normally a single vesicular nucleus with a single nucleolus. Cysts known to form in all species, smooth walled, spherical, ovoid, or irregular in shape. One species known to fruit via aggregation and differentiation of amoebae into columns or arborescent masses or irregularly shaped, walled sorocysts. A possible sexual cycle involving thick walled sphaerocysts reported for some strains of the fruiting species. (ref. ID; 7126)
Type species; Copromyxa protea (Fayod, 1883) Zopf, 1885 (ref. ID; 7126)
- Copromyxa arborescens Neson & Olive, 1972
See; Copromyxa protea (ref. ID; 7126)
- Copromyxa cantabrigiensis n. comb. (Page, 1974) Brown, Silberman, and Spiegel, 2011 (ref. ID; 7126)
Syn; Hartmannella cantabrigiensis Page, 1974 (ref. ID; 7126)
- Copromyxa protea (Fayod, 1883) Zopf, 1885 (ref. ID; 7126)
Syn; Copromyxa arborescens Nesom & Olive, 1972 (ref. ID; 7126); Guttulina protea Fayod, 1883 (ref. ID; 7126)
Copromyxa cantabrigiensis n. comb. (Page, 1974) Brown, Silberman, and Spiegel, 2011 (ref. ID; 7126)
Synonym
Hartmannella cantabrigiensis Page, 1974 (ref. ID; 7126)
Diagnosis/Descriptions
See Page 1974. CCAP accession 1534/8: Freshwater amoeba clone 123 from a pond in King's College, Cambridge, England was designated the holotype (a hapanotype) by Page 1974. (ref. ID; 7126)
Gene Sequence Data
The nearly complete SSU rRNA gene of the type isolate, CCAP accession 1534/8, is deposited in GenBank under Accession number AY294147. (ref. ID; 7126)
Copromyxa protea (Fayod, 1883) Zopf, 1885 (ref. ID; 7126)
Synonym
Copromyxa arborescens Nesom & Olive, 1972 (ref. ID; 7126); Guttulina protea Fayod, 1883 (ref. ID; 7126)
Diagnosis/Descriptions
See emended diagnosis in Spiegel and Olive (1978). See also the description in Fayod (1883). (ref. ID; 7126)
Notes
Copromyxa protea was originally described by Fayod as Guttulina protea in 1883 (Fayod, 1883). Shortly afterward, Zopf (1885) renamed the species as C. protea because its sorocarps possessed just one cell type as opposed to the fruiting bodies of Guttulina rosea Cienkowski (1873) (now Pocheina rosea Loeblich & Tappan [1961]), which have a distinct stalk and sorus and consist of two dissimilar cell types. Copromyxa is currently a monotypic genus. Copromyxa protea may produce a round, thick walled cyst that was first observed by Fayod (1883) and reported again as a putative zygote by Spiegel and Olive (1978) who designated this stage the sphaerocyst. A second species of Copromyxa, C. arborescens, was erected by Nesom and Olive (1972), because of the apparent absence of thies cysts in their isolates. However, Spiegel and Olive (1978) conducted mating experiments with different putative strains of C. arborescens and found that some "crosses' led to the development of sphaerocysts while others did not. They suggested that C. arborescens represented the individual mating types of heterothallic strains of C. protea. Except for a notation in an ecological survey (Vadell 2008) the taxon has received no attention in the primary literature since 1978. (ref. ID; 7126)
Comments on neotype material
This neotype is designated because Fayod's (1883) original description was not accompanied by type material. Further, subsequent investigators of Copromyxa protea have failed to deposit strains, making this the only known viable strain of C. protea. (ref. ID; 7126)
Neotype material
The neotype (a hapantotype) culture for C. protea (strain CF08-5) has been deposited in a metabolically inactive state with the ATCC under accession number PRA-324. (ref. ID; 7126)
Neotype habitat and location
Strain CF08-5 was originally isolated from bovine dung that was collected from a private cattle farm in Reeds Springs, Missouri, U.S.A. (36.750 degrees N, 93.306 degrees W). (ref. ID; 7126)
Gene Sequence Data
The nearly complete SSU rRNA gene of the neotype isolate, strain CF08-5, is deposited in GenBank under Accession number GU938869. (ref. ID; 7126)