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The World of Protozoa, Rotifera, Nematoda and Oligochaeta

Tintinnus

Tintinnus Schrank, 1803 (ref. ID; 3607)

Order Heterotrichida Stein, 1867: Suborder Tintinnoinea Kofoid & Campbell, 1929: Family Tintinnidae Claparede & Lachmann, 1858: Subfamily Tintinnineae Kofoid & Campbell, 1929 (ref. ID; 3607)

[ref. ID; 3596]
Lorica elongate, tubular, opening at both ends; oral end often flaring and thickened to make a brim, usually entire, sometimes denticulated; shaft generally tapering gradually to an aboral end; wall hyaline, single-layered. (ref. ID; 3596)

[ref. ID; 3597]
All of the species of this genus are so simple tubular in the form of the lorica, that their identification is confused on account of slight differences among them. Kofoid & Campbell (1929) published many new species from the collections of the Agassiz Expedition to the eastern tropical pacific, and raised forms which had been reported by prior authors as varieties or formae to the status of species. Their classification was probably based upon dimensions of the lorica besides differences of the form, but being generally variable within a wide range, the length of the lorica seems not to be a chief feature by which species are distinguished. (ref. ID; 3597)
  1. Tintinnus acuminatus Entz, 1885
    See; Salpingella attenuata (ref. ID; 3606)
  2. Tintinnus amphora Brandt, 1906
    See; Amphorella brandti (ref. ID; 3606)
  3. Tintinnus angustatus Daday (ref. ID; 3597)
  4. Tintinnus apertus Kofoid & Campbell 1929 (ref. ID; 4600) reported year? (ref. ID; 3597)
  5. Tintinnus attenuatus Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597)
  6. Tintinnus denticulatus Ehrenberg, 1840
    See; Parafavella denticulata (ref. ID; 3606, 3607)
  7. Tintinnus elegans Jorgensen (ref. ID; 3597)
  8. Tintinnus elegans var. procurrerens Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597)
  9. Tintinnus elongatus Jorgensen, 1924 (ref. ID; 4600) reported year? (ref. ID; 3597)
  10. Tintinnus exigua Hada, 1932 (ref. ID; 3606 original paper)
  11. Tintinnus exiguus Hada (ref. ID; 3596)
  12. Tintinnus fluviatile Stein, 1863
    See; Tintinnidium fluviatilis (ref. ID; 3280, 4609)
  13. Tintinnus fraknoii Daday, 1887 (ref. ID; 4600) reported year? (ref. ID; 3597, 4046)
  14. Tintinnus fraknoii var. bilatifinis Hada, 1938 (ref. ID; 3597 original paper)
  15. Tintinnus fraknoii var. birictus Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597)
  16. Tintinnus inquilinus Schrank, 1803 (ref. ID; 5624) reported author and year? (ref. ID; 4963)
    See; Eutintinnus inquilinus (ref. ID; 4963), Figotintinnus inquilius (ref. ID; 5624)
  17. Tintinnus lusus-undae Entz, 1885 (ref. ID; 4600) reported year? (ref. ID; 3596, 3597)
  18. Tintinnus lusus-undae var. rectus Wailes, 1925
    See; Tintinnus rectus (ref. ID; 3607)
  19. Tintinnus lusus-undae var. tenuis Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597, 4046)
  20. Tintinnus lusus-undae var. turgescens Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597) or (Kofoid & Campbell) Hada (ref. ID; 4046)
  21. Tintinnus macilentus Jorgensen (ref. ID; 3597)
  22. Tintinnus norvegicus Brandt, 1896
    See; Acanthostomella norvegica (ref. ID; 3607)
  23. Tintinnus norvegicus var. b minutus Brandt, 1906
    See; Acanthostomella norvegica (ref. ID; 3607)
  24. Tintinnus pacifica Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597)
  25. Tintinnus pacificus Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597)
  26. Tintinnus pellucidus Cleve, 1899
    See; Leprotintinnus pellucidus (ref. ID; 3607)
  27. Tintinnus perminutus Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597)
  28. Tintinnus pinguis Kofoid & Campbell, 1929 (ref. ID; 4600)
  29. Tintinnus rectus Wailes (ref. ID; 3596, 3607)
    Syn; Tintinnus lusus-undae var. rectus Wailes, 1925 (ref. ID; 3607); Tintinnus rectus Kofoid & Campbell, 1929 (ref. ID; 3607)
  30. Tintinnus rugosus Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3596, 3607)
  31. Tintinnus semiciliatus Sterki, 1879
    See; Tintinnidium semiciliatum (ref. ID; 4609)
  32. Tintinnus stramentus Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597)
  33. Tintinnus tenue Kofoid & Campbell, 1929
    See; Tintinnus tenuis (ref. ID; 3606)
  34. Tintinnus tenuis Kofoid & Campbell, 1926 (ref. ID; 4600) reported year? (ref. ID; 3606)
    Syn; Tintinnus tenue Kofoid & Campbell, 1929 (ref. ID; 3606)
  35. Tintinnus tubulosus Ostenfeld, 1899 (ref. ID; 4600) reported year? (ref. ID; 3596)
  36. Tintinnus turris Kofoid & Campbell, 1929 (ref. ID; 3596)
  37. Tintinnus ventricosus Claparede & Lachmann, 1858
    See; Stenosemella ventricosa (ref. ID; 3607)

Tintinnus angustatus Daday (ref. ID; 3597)

Descriptions

Lorica tall goblet-shaped, 1.9-2.6 oral diameters in length; oral margin without a flare, but with a faint brim; bowl cylindrical or slightly tapering; aboral region abruptly narrowing to make a short tubular part of which the length is 0.18-0.20 of the total length; aboral opening 0.35-0.37 of an oral diameter. (ref. ID; 3597)

Comments

The species differs from T. apertus Kofoid & Campbell in having a conspicuous posterior tube and in lacking an oral flare. (ref. ID; 3597)

Measurements

Length 85-100; oral diameter 38-45; aboral diameter 14-16 um. (ref. ID; 3597)

Tintinnus apertus Kofoid & Campbell, 1929 (ref. ID; 4600) reported year? (ref. ID; 3597)

Descriptions

Lorica 3 oral diameters in length, conical (4 degrees) in the upper 0.77-0.80, then abruptly narrowing (30-33 degrees) to an aboral aperture; oral margin more or less flaring with a slight brim; aboral region sometimes inclined to form a tubular part, 0.5-0.6 of an oral diameter in aboral diameter. (ref. ID; 3597)

Comments

This species differs from T. angustatus Daday in the presence of the oral flare and in the greater aboral diameter. (ref. ID; 3597)

Measurements

Length 90-112; oral diameter 30-38; aboral diameter 15-22 um. (ref. ID; 3597)

Tintinnus elegans Jorgensen (ref. ID; 3597)

Descriptions

Lorica 4.5-5.6 oral diameters in length, more or less flaring in both ends inflated near the middle; oral margin having a brim; shaft generally conical (3-4 degrees); aboral aperture 0.50-0.68 of an oral diameter. (ref. ID; 3597)

Comments

The species differs from T. fraknoii Daday in having a median bulge. This species is an inflated form of T. fraknoii group. Hada can not see distinct differences in size and form among Jorgensen's T. lusus-undae var. elegans and T. fraknoii var. latus (1924) and Kofoid & Campbell's T. brandti and T. medius (1929). The first variety is probably a small and rather slender form of this species and the second is a large and stout one. The other two forms seem to be intermediate ones. Therefore, these forms are probable to be comprised in the same species. (ref. ID; 3597)

Measurements

Length 148-283; oral diameter 30-50 um; aboral diameter 15-34 um. (ref. ID; 3597)

Tintinnus elegans var. procurrerens Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597)

Descriptions

Lorica 5.66 oral diameters in length; oral margin somewhat abruptly flaring with a marked brim; shaft conical (3 degrees) in the main part, more or less dilated in the middle, slightly constricted in the portion of the posterior 0.18 of the lorica, its smallest diameter 0.5 oral diameter; aboral end widened, 0.7 oral diameter in aboral diameter. (ref. ID; 3597)

Comments

The variety differs from the typical form of T. elegans Jorgensen in the presence of a slight constriction above the distinct aboral flare.

Measurements

Length 283; oral diameter 50; aboral diameter 34 um. (ref. ID; 3597)

Tintinnus exigua Hada, 1932 (ref. ID; 3606 original paper)

Descriptions

Lorica an elongate truncated cone of 3-5 degrees, 3.5-4.2 oral diameters in length; oral end abruptly flaring to form a marked brim; sides nearly straight; aboral end 0.64-0.75 of the oral diameter in aboral diameter, without a brim and a flare. (ref. ID; 3606)

Comments

Differs from Tintinnus tenuis Kofoid & Campbell in being smaller and more widely conical. (ref. ID; 3606)

Measurements

Length 148 (130-160); oral diameter 38 (36-40) um. (ref. ID; 3606)

Tintinnus fraknoii Daday, 1887 (ref. ID; 4600) reported year? (ref. ID; 3597, 4046)

Descriptions

Lorica forming a slender conical shaft 5.0-9.1 oral diameters in length; oral border gradually flaring funnel-shaped with a conspicuous brim; aboral region provided with a slight flare, 0.33-0.51 oral diameters in aboral diameter. (ref. ID; 3597)
The tubular, hyaline lorica is characterized by flares at both ends. The thinness of the wall is visible in SEM. No reticular structure was evident by light microscopy or in SEM. This probably accounts for their collapse during critical point drying. (ref. ID; 4046)

Comments

The species differs from T. lusus-undae Entz in the presence of an aboral flare and from T. elegans Jorgensen in the absence of a median bulge. This species varies exceedingly in dimensions; the identification is confused on account of the presence of several synonyms due to slight differences of the size of lorica. It seems that T. elongatus Jorgensen is a long form of this species and T. macilentus Jorgensen and T. perminutus Kofoid & Campbell are short ones. Though they were considered by Kofoid & Campbell (1929) as distinct species, it is hardly possible to separate them from continuous variations in elongation. The aboral flare is also variable in size and shape. (ref. ID; 3597)
Kofoid & Campbell (1939) changed this genus to Eutintinnus. (ref. ID; 4046)

Measurement

Length 150-492; oral diameter 30-55; aboral diameter 14-26 um. (ref. ID; 3597)
The dimensions of the lorica are: length 138-223, width 41.6+/-2.7, posterior width 27.5+/-2.5 um (n=21). (ref. ID; 4046)

Tintinnus fraknoii var. bilatifinis Hada, 1938 (ref. ID; 3597 original paper)

Descriptions

Lorica 4.7-5.6 oral diameters in length; oral region forming a tall funnel of 35 degrees, provided with a faint brim on its margin; shaft somewhat tapering (15 degrees), its shortest diameter 0.52 of an oral diameter at the position of the posterior 0.1 of the lorica; aboral end with a marked flare of 45 degrees, its aboral diameter 071-0.73 of an oral diameter. (ref. ID; 3597)

Comments

The new variety differs from the typical form of T. fraknoii Daday in bearing well-developed oral and aboral flares distinguished from the slightly conical main part of the lorica. This new variety is easily distinguished from other forms of the type species in having distinct wide flares on both ends of the lorica. (ref. ID; 3597)

Measurements

Length 179-223; oral diameter 38-40; aboral diameter 27-29 um. (ref. ID; 3597)

Tintinnus fraknoii var. birictus Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597)

Descriptions

Lorica elongate, slender, 5.3-5.5 oral diameters in length; oral rim flaring, with a distinct brim; shaft tapering (2-3 degrees) without a marked bulge, narrowest at the point of the posterior 0.07 of the lorica, its least diameter 0.54-0.58 of an oral diameter; aboral region abruptly expanding to a wide aboral aperture of 0.80-0.83 of an oral diameter with a slight brim. (ref. ID; 3597)

Comments

The variety differs form the typical form of T. fraknoii Daday in possessing a widened aboral flare with a brim. (ref. ID; 3597)

Measurements

Length 300-320; oral diameter 54-60; aboral diameter 43-50 um. (ref. ID; 3597)

Tintinnus lusus-undae Entz, 1885 (ref. ID; 4600) reported year? (ref. ID; 3596, 3597)

Descriptions

Lorica comparatively stout, 3.5-4.0 oral diameters in length, consisting of a truncated cone of 2-4 degrees; oral margin flaring outwardly to a brim; sides always nearly straight, sometimes very slightly dilated; aboral end usually without a flare, occasionally with a hardly visible one, 0.5-0.7 oral diameters in aboral diameter. (ref. ID; 3597)

Comments

The species differs from T. franknoii Daday in having no distinct aboral flare. (ref. ID; 3597)

Measurements

Length 140-216; oral diameters 38-53; aboral diameter 25-39 um. (ref. ID; 3597)

Tintinnus lusus-undae var. tenuis Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597, 4046)

Descriptions

Lorica elongated, 4.8-7.0 oral diameters in length, slightly tapering posteriorly (1.5-2.0 degrees) with nearly straight sides; oral end abruptly flaring, with a conspicuous brim; aboral opening without a flare a brim, 0.58 of an oral diameter. (ref. ID; 3597)
The lorica is characterized by a conspicuous thickened anterior rim. The tubular part of the lorica is straight and narrows slightly aborally. (ref. ID; 4046)

Comments

The variety differs from the typical form of T. lusus-undae Entz in its slender proportions. The variety is a slender form of T. lusus-undae. Its diversity in the length of the lorica is fairly remarkable. (ref. ID; 3597)

Measurements

Length 192-317; oral diameter 40-47; aboral diameter 23-27 um. (ref. ID; 3597)
The dimensions of the lorica are: length 287-336, width 52.7+/-1.0, posterior width 23.5+/-1.2 um (n=31). (ref. ID; 4046)

Tintinnus lusus-undae var. turgescens Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597) or (Kofoid & Campbell) Hada (ref. ID; 4046)

Descriptions

Lorica 3.7-4.0 oral diameters in length, generally tapering (3-4 degrees), more or less inflated in the middle; oral end flaring (30 degrees) to a slight brim; aboral aperture 0.62 of an oral diameter, without a flare. (ref. ID; 3597)
The lorica differs in shape from that of T. lusus-undae var. tenuis by the presence of a median swelling. (ref. ID; 4046)

Comments

The variety differs from the typical form of T. lusus-undae Entz in the presence of a median dilation. The variety is a dilated form of T. lusus-undae. It is similar to large individuals of T. pacifica Kofoid & Campbell in general outline, but it is distinguishable from the latter in having an oral brim and a more gradually tapering shaft. (ref. ID; 3597)

Measurements

Length 180-203; oral diameter 48-50; aboral diameter 30 um. (ref. ID; 3597)
The dimensions of the lorica are: length 193-221, width 49.2+/-1.9, posterior width 31.4+/-1.1 um (n=5). (ref. ID; 4046)

Tintinnus pacificus Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597)

Descriptions

Lorica short and stout, 2.2-3.5 oral diameters in length; oral margin slightly flaring with a scarcely visible brim; shaft gradually tapering (4-12 degrees) with a slight median bluge; aboral end without a flare, 0.47-0.67 oral diameters in aboral diameter. (ref. ID; 3597)

Comments

The species differs from T. tubulosus Ostenfeld in possession of a median dilation and from T. elegans Jorgensen in the lack of an aboral flare. (ref. ID; 3597)

Measurements

Length 70-142; oral diameter 30-40; aboral diameter 15-27 um. (ref. ID; 3597)

Tintinnus rectus Wailes (ref. ID; 3596, 3607)

Synonym

Tintinnus lusus-undae var. rectus Wailes, 1925 (ref. ID; 3607); Tintinnus rectus Kofoid & Campbell, 1929 (ref. ID; 3607)

Descriptions

Lorica rather stout, 4.2-6.7 oral diameters in length; oral end slightly flaring, with about 40 short triangular teeth; shaft scarcely dilated in the median portion; aboral opening 0.74-0.84 oral diameters, its marginal eversion almost invisible. (ref. ID; 3596)
Lorica tubular, subcylindrical with a very slight median dilation, its length 4.5-5.0 oral diameters; anterior end a low, inverted, truncated cone of 27-40 degrees, with 44-50 sharp triangular teeth 0.023 of the total length in length; posterior region very slightly flaring, aboral diameters 0.75-0.85 oral diameters. (ref. ID; 3607)

Comments

The species is variable in length. The number of oral teeth is different between specimens from Asiatic coasts of the Pacific and those from the American part; 40-50 in the former, but only 22-26 um in the latter. The species differs from T. turris Kofoid & Campbell in the larger and stouter form and from T. rugosus Kofoid & Campbell in the lack of a rugose structure on the surface. (ref. ID; 3596)
Differs from Tintinnus rugosus Kofoid & Campbell in the smooth instead of the rugose surface. (ref. ID; 3607)

Measurements

Length 250 (182-304); oral diameter 44 (40-45); aboral diameter 36 (32-37) um. (ref. ID; 3596)
Length 235 (223-254); oral diameter 50 (49-54) um. (ref. ID; 3607)

Tintinnus stramentus Kofoid & Campbell (ref. ID; 3597)

Descriptions

Lorica elongated, slender, 6.0-7.4 oral diameters in length; oral margin gradually flaring (45 degrees), with a faint brim; shaft tapering (8 degrees) in its anterior main part, then becoming nearly cylindrical in the aboral region; aboral aperture 0.43 oral diameter. (ref. ID; 3597)

Comments

The species differs from T. attenuatus Kofoid & Campbell in the smaller size and the absence of a distinct oral funnel and from T. tubulosus Ostenfeld in being slender and having an oral flare. (ref. ID; 3597)

Measurements

Length 168-208; oral diameter 28; aboral diameter 12 um. (ref. ID; 3597)

Tintinnus tenuis Kofoid & Campbell, 1926 (ref. ID; 4600) reported year? (ref. ID; 3606)

Synonym

Tintinnus tenue Kofoid & Campbell, 1929 (ref. ID; 3606)

Description

Lorica a long, inverted, truncated cone of 2-3 degrees, with very slightly expansion in the middle part, its length 4.4-5.9 oral diameters; both ends entire, oral one flaring with a brim, the other without a flare, 0.64-0.77 of the oral diameter in aboral diameter. (ref. ID; 3606)

Comments

Differs from Tintinnus fraknoii Daday in the absence of the aboral flare and from T. lusus-undae Entz in more slender proportions. (ref. ID; 3606)

Measurements

Length 261 (236-312); oral diameter 51 (49-56) um. (ref. ID; 3606)

Tintinnus tubulosus Ostenfeld, 1899 (ref. ID; 4600) reported year? (ref. ID; 3596)

Descriptions

Lorica forming a simple truncated conical tube without an oral brim, 4.7-4.9 oral diameters in length; sides nearly straight; aboral aperture 0.83-0.89 oral diameters. (ref. ID; 3596)

Comments

The species differs from T. lusus-undae Entz in its smaller dimensions and the absence of flaring oral margin and from T. exiguus Hada in having no oral brim. (ref. ID; 3596)

Measurements

Length 87 (85-88); oral diameter 18; aboral diameter 15 (15-16) um. (ref. ID; 3596)

Tintinnus turris Kofoid & Campbell, 1929 (ref. ID; 3596)

Descriptions

Lorica tubular, 5.3-5.5 oral diameters in length; oral margin somewhat flaring, denticulated with 26-30 sharp everted teeth; shaft slightly tapering towards a narrow aboral region; aboral end spreading outwardly, 0.63-0.70 oral diameters in transdiameter, without a brim. (ref. ID; 3596)

Measurements

Length 104 (95-110); oral diameter 20 (18-20); oral diameter 13 (12-14); length of a tooth 4 um. (ref. ID; 3596)