Manganese (Mn) & manganese compounds
Heavy metal.
Manganese compounds are used in gasoline to replace Pb as an anti-knock compound. (ref. ID; 6856)
[Mn]
Test organisms
Protozoa: Paramecium caudatum (ref. ID; 991)
Mn-54
Test organisms
Oligochaeta: Lumbricus terrestris (ref. ID; 6856)
[Mangansese(II) Acetate, Tetrahydrate] CAS[6156-78-1]
Chemical formula
Mn(CH3COO)2/4H2O
Test organisms
Oligochaeta: Eisenia foetida (ref. ID; 7145)
[Manganese(II) Chloride]
Manganese(II) Chloride, Anhydrous CAS[7773-01-5]
Chemical formula
MnCl2
Test organisms
Protozoa: Colpidium campylum (ref. ID; 6081)
Oligochaeta: Eisenia fetida (ref. ID; 6895)
Oligochaeta: Tubifex tubifex (ref. ID; 6003)
Manganese(II) Chloride, Tetrahydrate CAS[13446-34-9]
Chemical formula
MnCl2/4H2O
Chemical characteristics
Water soluble.
Test organisms
Rotifera: Philodina sp. (ref. ID; 1091)
Oligochaeta: Aeolosoma hemprichi (ref. ID; 1091)
Oligochaeta: Nais sp. (ref. ID; 1091)
Nematoda: Caenorhabiditis elegans (ref. ID; 6824, 7009, 7011)
Manganese Chloride Salt
Test organisms
Nematoda; Caenorhabditis elegans (ref. ID; 7010)
[Manganese Nitrate]
Test organisms
Nematoda: Caenorhabditis elegans (ref. ID; 6823)
[Manganese Sulfate]
Manganese(II) Sulfate, Monohydrate CAS[10034-96-5]
Chemical formula
MnSO4/H2O
Test organisms
Protozoa: Tetrahymena pyriformis (ref. ID; 3554)
Oligochaeta: Eisenia foetida (ref. ID; 7145)
Manganese Sulfate, Dihydrate
Chemical formula
MnSO4/2H2O
Test organisms
Oligochaeta: Tubifex tubifex (ref. ID; 6968)
Manganese(II) Sulfate, Tetrahydrate CAS[10101-68-5]
Chemical formula
MnSO4/4H2O
Chemical characteristics
Water soluble.
Test organisms
Oligochaeta: Eisenia fetida (ref. ID; 6907)
[Potassium Permanganate] CAS[7722-64-7] UN1490
Chemical formula
KMn04
Test organisms
Protozoa: Colpidium campylum (ref. ID; 6081)
Protozoa: Diophrys oligothrix (ref. ID; 4526)
Protozoa: Pleuronema coronatum (ref. ID; 4521)
[Soil Mn Pollution]
Test organisms
Oligochaeta: Eisenia fetida (ref. ID; 6750)
[Manganese/zinc ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate]
Trade name
Mancozeb (J, I, B)
Purpose for use
Mancozeb (MZ), whose active ingredient is Mn/zinc (Zn)-ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (Mn/Zn-EBDC) is a contact fungicide that inhibits enzyme activity by forming a complex with enzymes involved in ATP production (Cornell 1987). (ref. ID; 7113)
Toxicity
MZ may have pro-apoptotic effects (Calviello et al. 2006), induce neurodegeneration in the nigrostriatal dopamine system, and lead to subsequent vulnerability to additional environmental toxicants (Domico et al. 2006, 2007; Soleo et al. 1996). MZ inhibits mitochodrial respiration (Domico et al. 2006; Zhang et al. 2003). (ref. ID; 7113)
Test organisms
Nematoda: Caenorhabditis elegans (ref. ID; 7113)
[Complex of Zinc and Maneb] CAS[8018-01-7] UN3077
Trade name
Mancozeb (J, I, B): Dithane-M-45, Fore, Manzate-200
Chemical formula
(C4H6MnN2S4)x(Zn)y
Purpose for use
Fungicide & insecticide.
Dithane M-45: A non-systemic fungicide, is a wettable powder and contains 80% mancozeb, a complex of Zn ions and Mn ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate. Mancozeb belongs to toxicity class 4(5) in Austria, defined as "hardly toxic to warm-blooded animals". A lethal dose (LC50) in rats (oral) amounts to >7000mg kg-1 body weight. (ref. ID; 6768)
Test organisms
Oligocheata: Eisenia fetida (ref. ID; 3313)
Soil microfauna. (ref. ID; 6768)
[Maneb] CAS[12427-38-2] UN2210
Trade name
Maneb (J, I, B): Dithane-M-22, Manzate, M-Dipher
Chemical formula
(C4H6MnN2S4)n
Purpose for use
Fungicide.
Toxicity
LD50 (oral): rat 6750 mg/kg.