Ref ID : 4842
Eugen Lehle; [Die Auswirkungen von Dungung und Kalkung auf die Bodenciliaten (Protozoa: Ciliophora) eines Fichten-bestandes im Schwarzwald (Suddeutschland)] (The Effects of Fertilization and Liming on the soil Ciliates (Protozoa: Ciliophora) of a Spruce Stand in the Black Forest (Southern Germany)). Arch.Protistenk 144:113-125, 1994
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The influence of fertilization and liming on the ciliate communities of very acidified spruce forests was tested. Investigations were conducted in the Black Forest, Southern Germany. Experimental areas were treated with different substances: S1 = control area, S2 = magnesium-sulphate area, S3 = ammonia-sulphate area, S4 = lime area. Fertilization led to no change in [H+]-concentration, but liming showed a significant rise in pH-value. The qualitative-quantitative analysis of the ciliate communities were carried out in laboratory microcosms. Various culture methods yielded 47 species. The abundance measurements were conducted with a modified "Buitkamp-culture-method"; dry soil samples were mixed with distilled water and the ciliate communities were anaylsed after 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, 17, 20, 30, 50, 70, and 90 days. Species composition and abundances showed continued and substantial changes during the experiment. First appeared the little colpodid ciliates Pseudoplatyophrya nana, Colpoda steinii, and Colpoda inflata, all of them pioneer-species, which were frequent only for a few days. These species showed characteristics of r-selection and they are well adapted for the extreme habitat "spruce forest". They were in S1 more frequent than in S2-S4. The larger colpodid ciliates of the Colpoda cucullus/C. henneguyi group were frequent only on the limed area S4; they were substantial longer active than their smaller relatives. Whereas Cyclidium muscicola and Leptopharynx costatus were on all areas active during the whole experimental period, Drepanomons revoluta appeared very late. It was in S2-S4 more frequent than in S1. The hypotrich ciliate fauna is just quantitatively important in S4. Tetrahymena edaphoni was only active in S4; in cultures from this bacteria rich area T. edaphoni occurred on a massive scale. Liming led to a greater change in the ciliate communities than fertilization with magnesium-sulphate and ammonia-sulphate. The investigation of the ciliate succession in laboratory microcosms offers next to relevant autoecological facts, aspects of the condition of a habitat. The method can be used as an instrument for bioindication in terrestrial ecosystems.