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The World of Protozoa, Rotifera, Nematoda and Oligochaeta

Petalomonas

Petalomonas Stein, 1859 (ref. ID; 4656, 4950) or 1878 (ref. ID; 4921, 6733) reported year? (ref. ID; 1618)

Order Euglenida Butschli, 1884 (ref. ID; 4872)
Order Euglenophyceae Schoenichen, 1925 (ref. ID; 4907)
Euglenozoa Cavalier-Smith, 1981: Euglenophyceae Schoenichen, 1925 (= Euglenida Butschli, 1884) (ref. ID; 5772)

[ref. ID; 1618]
Oval or pyriform; not plastic; pellicle often with straight or spiral furrows; a single flagellum; paramylum bodies; a nucleus; holozoic or saprozoic. Many species in fresh water and a few in salt water. (ref. ID; 1618)
  1. Petalomonas abscissa (Dujardin, 1841) Stein, 1859 (ref. ID; 4872) reported year? (ref. ID; 3517, 4950)
    Syn; Cyclidium abscissum Dujardin (ref. ID; 4950)
  2. Petalomonas abscissa var. convergens Klebs (ref. ID; 4950)
  3. Petalomonas abscissa var. deformis Klebs (ref. ID; 4950)
  4. Petalomonas abscissa var. parallela Klebs (ref. ID; 4950)
  5. Petalomonas abscissa var. pellucida Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  6. Petalomonas acuminata Holl. (ref. ID; 4950)
  7. Petalomonas alata Stokes (ref. ID; 4950)
  8. Petalomonas angusta (Klebs) Lemmermann (ref. ID; 4950)
    Syn; Petalomonas mediocanellata beta angusta Klebs (ref. ID; 4950)
  9. Petalomonas angusta var. lata (Klebs) Lemmermann (ref. ID; 4950)
  10. Petalomonas angusta var. pusilla (Klebs) Lemmermann (ref. ID; 4950)
  11. Petalomonas applanata Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  12. Petalomonas arcuata Hollande (ref. ID; 4950)
  13. Petalomonas asymmetrica Shawhan & Jahn (ref. ID; 4950)
  14. Petalomonas bicarinata Shawhan & Jahn (ref. ID; 4950)
  15. Petalomonas carinata France (ref. ID; 4950)
  16. Petalomonas carinata Stokes
    See; Petalomonas steinii var. carinata (ref. ID; 4950)
  17. Petalomonas curvata Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  18. Petalomonas dilatata Holl. (ref. ID; 4950)
  19. Petalomonas disomata Stokes
    See; Petalomonas mediocanellata var. disomata (ref. ID; 4950)
  20. Petalomonas dorsalis Stokes (ref. ID; 4950)
  21. Petalomonas dubosquii Holl. (ref. ID; 4950)
  22. Petalomonas excavata Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  23. Petalomonas gigas Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  24. Petalomonas inflexa Klebs (ref. ID; 3517, 4950)
  25. Petalomonas inflexa var. obliqua Klebs (ref. ID; 4950)
    See; Notosolenus obliquus (ref. ID; 4950)
  26. Petalomonas inflexa var. pellucida Klebs (ref. ID; 4950)
  27. Petalomonas involuta (ref. ID; 4950)
  28. Petalomonas irregularis Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  29. Petalomonas klinostoma Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  30. Petalomonas mediocanellata Stein, 1878 (ref. ID; 4656) reported year? (ref. ID; 1618, 3517, 4950)
  31. Petalomonas mediocanellata beta angusta Klebs
    See; Petalomonas angusta (ref. ID; 4950)
  32. Petalomonas mediocanellata var. disomata (Stokes) Lemmermann (ref. ID; 4950)
    Syn; Petalomonas disomata Stokes (ref. ID; 4950)
  33. Petalomonas mediocanellata var. minor Shawhan & Jahn (ref. ID; 4950)
  34. Petalomonas mediocanellata var. pleurosigma (Stokes) Lemmermann (ref. ID; 4950)
    Syn; Petalomonas pleurosigma Stokes (ref. ID; 4950)
  35. Petalomonas minuta Hollande, 1942 (ref. ID; 4921) reported year? (ref. ID; 4950)
  36. Petalomonas mira Awerinzew (ref. ID; 3517, 4950)
  37. Petalomonas mira var. appendiculata Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  38. Petalomonas mira var. bicarinata Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  39. Petalomonas ovum Matv. (ref. ID; 4950)
  40. Petalomonas phacoides Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  41. Petalomonas platyrhyncha Skuja (ref. ID; 3517, 4950)
  42. Petalomonas pleurosigma Stokes
    See; Petalomonas mediocanellata var. pleurosigma (ref. ID; 4950)
  43. Petalomonas poosilla Larsen & Patterson, 1990
    See; Petalomonas pusilla (ref. ID; 4921)
  44. Petalomonas praegnans Skuja (ref. ID; 3517, 4950)
  45. Petalomonas prototheca Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  46. Petalomonas punctato-striata Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  47. Petalomonas pusilla Skuja, 1948 (ref. ID; 4656, 4907, 4921) reported year? (ref. ID; 3517, 4950)
    Syn; Petalomonas poosilla Larsen & Patterson, 1990 (ref. ID; 4921)
  48. Petalomonas quadrilineata Penard (ref. ID; 4950)
  49. Petalomonas quinque-carinata Holl. (ref. ID; 4950)
  50. Petalomonas quinquemarginata Shawhan & Jahn (ref. ID; 4950)
  51. Petalomonas septemcarinata Shawhan & Jahn (ref. ID; 4950)
  52. Petalomonas sexlobata Klebs (ref. ID; 4950)
  53. Petalomonas sinica Skvortzow (ref. ID; 4950)
  54. Petalomonas sinuata Stein (ref. ID; 4950)
  55. Petalomonas splendens Hollande (ref. ID; 4950)
  56. Petalomonas steinii Klebs (ref. ID; 3517, 4950)
  57. Petalomonas steinii var. carinata (Stokes) Lemmermann (ref. ID; 4950)
    Syn; Petalomonas carinata Stokes (ref. ID; 4950)
  58. Petalomonas steinii var. lata Klebs (ref. ID; 4950)
  59. Petalomonas sulcata Stokes (ref. ID; 4950)
  60. Petalomonas tricarinata Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  61. Petalomonas triquetra Skvortzow (ref. ID; 4950)
  62. Petalomonas ventritracta Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)
  63. Petalomonas vulgaris Skuja (ref. ID; 4950)

Petalomonas abscissa (Dujardin, 1841) Stein, 1859 (ref. ID; 4872) reported year? (ref. ID; 3517, 4950)

Synonym

Cyclidium abscissum Dujardin (ref. ID; 4950)

Descriptions

Emarginate posterior end. With two ridges running along dorsal surface of cell and with one narrow curved groove ventrally, the ventral groove with strengthened margins - forming a double keel. Lateral edges of cell with ridges. The two dorsal ridges set off a raised central section. The dorsal keel also decreases in height toward the posterior part of the cell. One flagellum 1+1/2-2 times cell length, pointing anteriorly. Flagellar pocket to the left ventral side. Cells gliding. (ref. ID; 4872)

Remarks

The original description of P. abscissa is relatively broad and the cell form varies from roundish to triangular is shape. We apply the identity developed by Larsen (1987) and by Larsen & Patterson (1990), relying on the outline and the characteristic ventral double keel. We note that there are minor differences in the location of the ridges and keel. The size of P. abscissa is less than that reported elsewhere: 27.5-28 um (Lemmermann 1914; Skuja 1948; Huber-Pestalozzi 1955), 20-25 um (Larsen 1987) and 17 um (Larsen & Patterson 1990). (ref. ID; 4872)

Measurements

Cell length 14 um, range 10-16 um. (ref. ID; 4872)

Petalomonas mediocanellata Stein, 1878 (ref. ID; 4656) reported year? (ref. ID; 1618, 3517, 4950)

Descriptions

Ovoid with longitudinal furrows on two sides; flagellum about as long as the body. (ref. ID; 1618)

Measurements

21-26 um long. (ref. ID; 1618)

Petalomonas pusilla Skuja, 1948 (ref. ID; 4656, 4907, 4921) reported year? (ref. ID; 3517, 4950)

Synonym

Petalomonas poosilla Larsen & Patterson, 1990 (ref. ID; 4921)

Descriptions

Cell 5-6 um long, flattened with ovate outline, no visible surface structures. One single rather thick flagellum emerges from a flagellar pocket. The part of flagellum located outside pocket slightly shorter than cell. Contractile vacuole empties into flagellar pocket. Nucleus located posterior. Usually moves with a smooth gliding with flagellum directed forwards, only distal half of emerging flagellum beats, proximal part usually held stiff. For short periods, when cell changes direction, flagellum may trail behind cell. (ref. ID; 4907)

Comments

The combination of small size and the lack of surface structures precludes confusion with other englenids. (ref. ID; 4907)