Ceratium
Ceratium Schrank
[ref. ID; 1618]
Body flattened; with one anterior and one to four posterior horn-like processes; often large; chromatophores yellow, brown, or greenish; color variation conspicuous; fission is said to take place at night and in the early morning; fresh or salt water. (ref. ID; 1618)
[ref. ID; 3490]
The cell is characteristic in form, having a single anterior and two or three posterior horns, and is compressed dorso-ventrally. An apical pore opens at the end of the straight anterior horn. The wall consists of four precingular and four apical plates in the epicone and of five postcingular and two antapical plates in the hypocone. These plates are thick and reticulated. There is also a thin ventral plates articulated with the precingular and postcingular ones and connected with the girdle and sulcus. The nucleus is located centrally. The chromatophores are usually yellowish brown, numerous and discoidal. (ref. ID; 3490)
- Ceratium azoricum Cleve, 1900 (ref. ID; 4151)
- Ceratium cornutum Claparede & Lachmann (ref. ID; 3490) or (Ehrenberg) Claparede & Lachmann, 1859 (ref. ID; 3731)
- Ceratium furca (ref. ID; 7270)
- Ceratium furcum (Ehrenberg) (ref. ID; 3494, 3544)
- Ceratium fusum (Ehrenberg) (ref. ID; 3494, 3544)
- Ceratium fusus (Ehrenberg) (ref. ID; 1618) or (Ehrenberg) Dujardin, 1841 (ref. ID; 4151)
- Ceratium gibberum Gourret (ref. ID; 3494)
- Ceratium hirundinella O.F. Muller (ref. ID; 1618, 3490), (O.F. Muller) Bergh (ref. ID; 4044) or (O.F. Muller) Dujardin, 1841 (ref. ID; 3731), hirundinellum O.F. Muller (ref. ID; 3496)
- Ceratium horridum Gran, 1902 (ref. ID; 3731)
- Ceratium kofoidi Jorgensen, 1911 (ref. ID; 3544)
- Ceratium lineatum (Ehrenberg) (ref. ID; 3494, 3544)
- Ceratium longipes Bailey (ref. ID; 1618) or (Bailey) Gran, 1902 (ref. ID; 4151)
- Ceratium massiliense (Gourret) (ref. ID; 3494)
- Ceratium ranipes P.T. Cleve, 1900 (ref. ID; 6920)
- Ceratium tripos O.F. Muller (ref. ID; 1618, 3494) reported author and year? (ref. ID; 3939)
- Ceratium tripos var. subsalsa Ostenfeld, 1903 (ref. ID; 3731)
Ceratium cornutum Claparede & Lachmann (ref. ID; 3490) or (Ehrenberg) Claparede & Lachmann, 1859 (ref. ID; 3731)
Descriptions
The stout species having the curved anterior horn and two short posterior ones is common is weedy basins of the Sphagnum bog of Kirittapu. (ref. ID; 3490)
Ceratium furcum (Ehrenberg) (ref. ID; 3494, 3544)
Descriptions
The elongate worldwide species. (ref. ID; 3494)
Measurements
Length 30-42; breadth 22-27 um. (ref. ID; 3544)
Ceratium fusum (Ehrenberg) (ref. ID; 3494, 3544)
Measurements
The elongate species being 350-580 um in length and 22-32 um in breadth. (ref. ID; 3494)
Length 250-340 um. (ref. ID; 3544)
Ceratium fusus (Ehrenberg) (ref. ID; 1618) or (Ehrenberg) Dujardin, 1841 (ref. ID; 4151)
Descriptions
In salt water; widely distributed. (ref. ID; 1618)
Measurements
300-600 by 15-30 um. (ref. ID; 1618)
Descriptions
The large species consisting of a somewhat twisted body and 3 long horns. (ref. ID; 3494)
Measurements
Length 280 um. (ref. ID; 3494)
Ceratium hirundinella O.F. Muller (ref. ID; 1618, 3490), (O.F. Muller) Bergh (ref. ID; 4044) or (O.F. Muller) Dujardin, 1841 (ref. ID; 3731), hirundinellum O.F. Muller (ref. ID; 3496)
Descriptions
On apical and two to three antapical horns; seasonal and geographical variations; chain-formation frequent; fresh and salt water. (ref. ID; 1618)
The species is so variable in form, having two or three posterior horns seasonally or locally, that several forma have been recorded. In the present work five of nine published forma and an unrecorded one have been studied. (ref. ID; 3490)
- f. gracile Bachmann: The stout form, having three posterior horns. (ref. ID; 3490)
- f. furcoides Levander: The elongate form, having a long anterior horn and two stout posterior ones and being as long as 205-288 um. (ref. ID; 3490)
- f. robustum (Amb.): With a long anterior horn and three spreading posterior ones. 280-260 um in length. (ref. ID; 3490)
- f. piburgense (Zederbauer): bearing four long straight horns and being 320 um in total length. (ref. ID; 3490)
- f. silesiacum Schroder: The slender form, bearing a long anterior horn and a short and a long outwardly curved posterior horn and being 288-344 um in total length. (ref. ID; 3490)
Measurements
95-700 um long. (ref. ID; 1618)
Descriptions
The tall form having slender apical horn. (ref. ID; 3544)
Measurements
Length 135; breadth 35 um. (ref. ID; 3544)
Descriptions
The species have 3 straight horns. (ref. ID; 3494)
Measurements
Length 137-262 um; breadth 23-25 um. (ref. ID; 3494)
Total length 180-192; breadth 70-90 um. (ref. ID; 3544)
Ceratium longipes Bailey (ref. ID; 1618) or (Bailey) Gran, 1902 (ref. ID; 4151)
Descriptions
In salt water. (ref. ID; 1618)
Measurements
About 210 by 51-57 um. (ref. ID; 1618)
Descriptions
The species with 3 long slender horns. (ref. ID; 3494)
Ceratium tripos O.F. Muller (ref. ID; 1618, 3494) reported author and year? (ref. ID; 3939)
Descriptions
In salt water. (ref. ID; 1618)
Measurements
About 225 by 75 um. (ref. ID; 1618)