Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide Dry Air Mole Fraction at Nainital, India

Yukio Terao
Earth System Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES)

2022/03/01

2006/09/29 - 2020/12/30

NIES
Email: cgerdb_admin(at)nies.go.jp

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English

From 2006/09/29 (ongoing)

29.36°N, 79.46°E

Elevation: 1940 m
Sampling height: 7 m above ground

Flask samples were collected from September 2006 in Nainital, India. Inlets were mounted at 7 m above ground level (on the roof of the second floor of the station) in Nainital. Air samples were collected once a week (usually on Wednesdays) at 14:00 LT into a 1.5 L Pyrex flask with two stopcocks sealed with Viton O-rings via a sampling line. The sampling line contained a diaphragm pump and a freezer for dehumidification by a glass trap. The sampling flow rate was approximately 2 L min⁻¹, and the sample was passed through a −30 ℃ cooler and pressurized to 0.25 MPa after 10 min flushing through the sampling tube and flask. The sampled flasks were packed in a cardboard box and transported to the laboratory of the Center for Global Environmental Research (CGER), National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan (NIES) (transportation period: 3–7 d), for analyses.
An air sample was passed through a −80 ℃ cold trap for dehumidification and was delivered to each instrument with a flow rate of 40 mL min⁻¹. A gas chromatograph with a reduction gas detector (GC-RGD; Agilent Technologies, HP-5890+Trace Analytical RGD-2 or Peak Laboratories, Peak Performer 1 RCP) was used for analyses.

The sample was injected into the analytical system three times per one flask, and the working standard gases were analyzed after every two flasks. Dry-air mole fractions were measured against each of their working standard gases, which were calibrated with NIES secondary standard gas series (CO-NIES09 scale).
The mole fractions of the respective working standard gases are 59.84, 164.57, 267.33, and 373.54 ppb for CO.

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[2022/03/01]

Hitoshi Mukai
Center for Climate Change Adaptation, NIES

Yukio Terao
Earth System Division, NIES

Shohei Nomura^*1, Toshinobu Machida^*1, Motoki Sasakawa^*1, Manish Naja^*2
*1 Earth System Division, NIES
^*2 Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, India

Nomura, S., Naja, M., Ahmed, M., K., Mukai, H., Terao, Y., Machida, T., Sasakawa, M., and Patra, P. K. (2021). Measurement report: Regional characteristics of seasonal and long-term variations in greenhouse gases at Nainital, India and Comilla, Bangladesh. Atmos. Chem. Phys., 21, 16427–16452, 2021, doi:10.5194/acp-21-16427-2021.

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