Pinus luchuensis

Basic information
Scientific name	Pinus luchuensis	Click to magnify
Common names	Luchu pine, Ryukyu Island pine
Higher taxon	Pinaceae, Pinales, Pinopsida, Pinophyta
Natural range	Ryukyu Archipelgo (Tokara, Amami, Okinawa, and Sakishima Islands)
Habitat	Dray shrub.

Invasion information
Range in Japan	Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands.
Origin	Okinawa
Date	At first, small number of trees are introduced in 1899. Large scale introduction was since 1914.
Route	Deliberate: For erosion control, and as fuel.
Impact	Actually: Competition with native species. The impact may not so large as Bischofia javanica. The fallen leaves of this species and ironwood Casuarina equisetifolia are hard to be decomposed, and interfere the regeneration of native vegetation. Native organism(s) affected: Native vegatation. Loss of barren habitat may have caused local extinction of an endemic beetle of Ogasawara Cinidela bonia.
Regulation in Japan	No action for prevention, mitigation, control, or eradication.
Introduced range in other countries	Unknown.

Reference

Notes

Hotta et al. (1989) Useful Plants of the World. Heibonsha, Tokyo (in Jpn)
JWRC (ed) (2008) A Photographic Guide to the Invasive Alien Species in Japan. Heibonsha, Tokyo (in Jpn)
Kawakami & Okochi (eds) (2009) Restoring the Oceanic Island Ecosystem. Impact and Management of Invasive Alien Species in the Bonin Islands. Springer, Tokyo, Berlin, Heidelberg, and New York.
Okuda (ed) (1997) Wild plants of Japan. Shogakukan, Tokyo (in Jpn)
Satake et al. (1989) Wild Flowers of Japan, Woody Plants [I]. Heibonsha, Tokyo (in Jpn)
Tomiyama (1999) Disturbance of island ecosystem by introduced species in Ogasawara Islands. Jpn J Ecol. 48, 63-72 (in Jpn)
etc.

This species is not used as fuel currently.