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Bufo cognatus

Basic information
Scientific name Bufo cognatus (No picture)
Major synonym Anaxyrus cognatus
Common names Great Plains Toad, Texas Toad, Plains Toad, Western Plains Toad, Say's Toad
Higher taxon Bufonidae, Anura, Amphibia
Natural range Central to western North America, ranging from Canada to Mexico.
Habitat Grassland, desert, cultivated field, etc. Burrowing.
Invasion information
Range in Japan Not established in Japan Range in Japan
Origin Unintroduced to Japan.
Date
Route
Impact Potentially: Predation, competition, venomous to predators.
Native organism(s) affected: Small invertebrates (predation). Native frogs (competition). Snakes eating frogs and toads (venomous).
Regulation in Japan Import, transport and keeping are prohibited in Japan by the Invasive Alien Species Act.
Introduced range in other countries
Reference Notes
  • Conant & Collins (1991) A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians. Eastern/Central North America 3rd ed.. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.
  • Frost (2009) Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.3 (12 February, 2009). http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/ . AMNH, New York, USA.
  • Ministry of the Environment, Japan. The Invasive Alien Species Act (Accessed on 2012-7-04) http://www.env.go.jp/en/nature/as.html
  • Steggins (1985) A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.
 This species can hybridize with B. americanus, B. puncatus, etc.