Vulpes vulpes schrencki

Basic information
Scientific name	Vulpes vulpes schrencki	Click to magnify
Common names	Red fox
Higher taxon	Canidae, Carnivora, Mammalia
Natural range	Hokkaido, Kunashiri and Etorofu Is. (Southern Chishima (Kuril) Islands). Vulpes vulpes is distributed most part of Eurasia except Southeast Asia, and a part of northern Africa. On Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu of Japan, the subspecies V. v. japonica is distributed.
Habitat	Various habitat. Tundra, deserts, forests, grasslands, city area in coastal to alpine zones.

Invasion information
Range in Japan	Saitama and Chiba Prefs.
Origin	Unknown.
Date	Under Construction.
Route	Unknown.
Impact	Potentially: Competition, hybridization with native fox. Carrying a zoonosis pathogen Echinococcus multilocularis. Native organism(s) affected: Native subspecies Vulpes vulpes japonica (competition and hybridization). Various animals and human susceptible to Echinococus
Regulation in Japan	Wildlife Protection System and Hunting Law.
Introduced range in other countries	Vulpes vulpes has been established on Isle of Man (UK), Australia, Canada, USA mainland, and Mexico (Baja California). In some parts of Australia and Alaska, this species has been successfully eradicated.

Reference

Notes

Ecol Soc Jpn (ed) (2002) Handbook of Alien Species in Japan. Chijinshokan, Tokyo (in Jpn)
ISSG. Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) (Accessed on 2012-8-27) http://www.issg.org/database/welcome/.
Kawamichi (ed) (1996) The Encyclopedia of Animals in Japan 1 Mammals I. Heibonsha, Tokyo (in Jpn)
Ohdachi et al. (eds) (2009) The Wild Mammals of Japan. Shokado, Kyoto.
The Committee on Mammal Conservation, Management (1999) Appeal for the emergent measure on naturalized mammals in Japan. Mammal Sci. 39(1), 115-129 (in Jpn)
Wilson & Reeder (eds) (2005) Mammal Species of the World 3rd ed. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore (Accessed on 2012-8-27) http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/.
etc.

Vulpes vulpes is one of the 100 of the World’s Worst Invasive Alien Species.