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  3. Polyandrocarpa zorritensis

Polyandrocarpa zorritensis

Basic information
Scientific name Polyandrocarpa zorritensis (No picture)
Common names
Higher taxon Styelidae, Pleurogona, Ascidiacea, Chordata
Natural range Unknown.
Habitat Port
Invasion information
Range in Japan Foulings on ports of Shizuoka, Toyama, Osaka, Hyogo, Tokushima, Kochi, Yamaguchi, and Fukuoka Prefs. are recorded. Range in Japan
Origin Maybe Gladstone, Australia. Almost ports with this species are used for importing coal from Gladstone.
Date The first record was in 1991 at Uchinoura Bay, Kochi Pref. Spread by early 2000s.
Route Accidenta: Hitchhiking ballast water.
Impact Unknown. This species possibly competitive with native species, due to large fecundity.
Regulation in Japan No action for prevention, mitigation, control, or eradication.
Introduced range in other countries Australia, South Africa, Brazil, NW Italy, NE Spain, SE and W North America, and Oahu, Hawaii.
Reference Notes
  • Ecol Soc Japan (ed) (2002) Handbook of Alien Species in Japan. Chijin-Shokan. (in Jpn)
  • Iwasaki et al. (2004) Human-mediated introduction and dispersal of marine organisms in Japan: Results of a questionnaire survey by the committee for the preservation of the natural environment, the Japanese association of benthology. Jpn J Benthol. 59:22-44. (in Jpn with English abstract)
  • OBIS http://www.iobis.org/
  • Otani (2002) Appearance and latest trends of introduced marine sessile animals in Japanese waters. Sessile Organisms. 19(2):69-92 (in Jpn with English abstract)
  • etc.