Bufo punctatus

Basic information
Scientific name	Bufo punctatus	(No picture)
Major synonym	Anaxyrus punctatus
Common names	Red-spotted Toad
Higher taxon	Bufonidae, Anura, Amphibia
Natural range	Southwestern USA to Mexico
Habitat	Grassland, Oases in desert, and rocky region.

Invasion information
Range in Japan	Not established in Japan
Origin	Unintroduced to Japan.
Date
Route	Deliberate: This species was traded as a pet animal.
Impact	Potentially: Predation, competition, venomous to predators. Native organism(s) affected: Small invertebrates (predation). Native frogs (competition). Snakes eating frogs and toads (venomous).
Regulation in Japan	Import, transport and keeping are prohibited in Japan by the Invasive Alien Species Act.
Introduced range in other countries	Unknown.

Reference

Notes

Conant & Collins (1991) A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians. Eastern/Central North America 3rd ed.. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.
Frost (2009) Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.3 (12 February, 2009). http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/ . AMNH, New York, USA.
Ministry of the Environment, Japan. The Invasive Alien Species Act (Accessed on 2012-7-04) http://www.env.go.jp/en/nature/as.html
Nagasaka (ed) (1996) Picture Book of Reptiles & Amphibians. Pisces (in Jpn)
Steggins (1985) A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.