| Invasion information | ||
| Range in Japan | Almost entire Japan |
|
| Origin | North America | |
| Date | Introduced since 1959 | |
| Route | Deliberate: For sand erosion control | |
| Impact | Competition with native species. Modification of environment by sand sedimentation along river side. Host for fungi. Native organism(s) affected: Native plants. | |
| Regulation in Japan | Keeping of this species in Saga Pref. are controled by a prefectural ordinance. | |
| Introduced range in other countries | North and Latin America, S Europe, Asia, and Oceania | |
| Reference | Notes |
|
100 of the Japan’s Worst Invasive Alien Species |