Solidago altissima

Basic information
Scientific name	Solidago altissima	Click to magnify
Common names	Tall Golden rod, Yellow-weed, Yellow-top
Higher taxon	Asteraceae, Asterales, Magnoliopsida, Magnoliophyta
Natural range	North America.
Habitat	Riverside bank, vacancy, farm area, roadside, etc.

Invasion information
Range in Japan	Almost entire Japan
Origin	Unknown.
Date	The first introduction was ca. 1900. Rapidly spread after W. W. II.
Route	Deliberate: As ornamental plant, as nectar source.
Impact	Actually: Competition with native species. Allelopathy. Native organism(s) affected: Native grasses.
Regulation in Japan	No action for prevention, mitigation, control, or eradication.
Introduced range in other countries	Unknown.

Reference	Notes
Hotta et al. (1989) Useful Plants of the World. Heibonsha, Tokyo (in Jpn) Jpn Assoc Advanc Phyto-Regul & Inst Contr Agrochem, Minist Agr, China (2000) Chinese Colored Weed Illustrated Book. Zenkoku-Noson-Kyoiku-Kyokai, Tokyo Osada (1976) Colored Illustrations of Naturalized Plants of Japan. Hoikusha, Osaka (in Jpn) Shimizu (ed) (2003) Naturalized Plants of Japan. Heibonsha, Tokyo (in Jpn) etc.	100 of the Japan’s Worst Invasive Alien Species