Limnoperna fortunei

Basic information
Scientific name	Limnoperna fortunei	Click to magnify
Common names	Golden mussel
Higher taxon	Mytilidae, Mytiloida, Bivalvia, Mollusca
Natural range	East Asia, Southeast Asia.
Habitat	Fouling on rocks in freshwater.

Invasion information
Range in Japan	Tonegawa River System (Chiba and Ibaraki Prefs.), Edo River and Ara River（Tokyo and Saitama Pref.）Lake Oshio (Gumma Pref.), Tenryu River (Shizuoka Pref.), Uregawa River (Aichi Pref.), Kisogawa River System (Gifu, Aichi and Mie Prefs.), and Lake Biwa-Yodogawa River System (Shiga, Kyoto, and Osaka Prefs.).
Origin	Possibly continental China and Korea
Date	Introduced to western Japan in 1990s and to Kanto District by 2004.
Route	Accidental: Hitchhiking on imported fresh water clams, ballast water, or fouling on ships.
Impact	Actually: Disturb water channels by mass fouling. An initial intermediate host of trematodes. Native organism(s) affected: Fishes and some other aquatic species.
Regulation in Japan	Import, transport and keeping of genus Limnoperna are prohibited in Japan by the Invasive Alien Species Act.
Introduced range in other countries	East Asia, South America

Reference

Notes

Ito (2007) Spatial Distribution of Golden Mussel, Limnoperna fortunei, in Lake Kasumigaura, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. Jpn J Benthol. 62:34-38 (in Jpn with English abstract)
Morton (1982) The Reproductive Cycle in Limnoperna fortunei (Dunker 1857) (Bivalvia:Mytilidea) Fouling Honk Kongs Raw Water Supply System. Oceanol Limnol Sinica. 13(4):312-324.
Ecol Soc Japan (ed) (2002) Handbook of Alien Species in Japan. Chijin-Shokan. (in Jpn)
etc.

100 of the Japan’s Worst Invasive Alien Species