Lonchura malacca

Basic information
Scientific name	Lonchura malacca	Click to magnify
Common names	Tricolored mannikin, Three-coloured mannikin
Higher taxon	Estrildidae, Passeriformes, Aves
Natural range	India, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia
Habitat	Farm area, grassland, reed bed, shrub.

Invasion information
Range in Japan	There are records of breeding in Tokyo and Hyogo, and occurrences in Osaka, Kyoto, Wakayama, Miyagi, Tochigi, Chiba, Kanagawa, Shizuoka, Niigata, Miyazaki, and Okinawa Prefs.
Origin	Unknown.
Date	Found in 1968 at Kanagawa Pref.
Route	Deliberate: Escape or release of pet animal.
Impact	Potentially: Damage on agriculture in native range and foreign non-native ranges. Native organism(s) affected: Crops
Regulation in Japan	No action for prevention, mitigation, control, or eradication.
Introduced range in other countries	None.

Reference

Notes

Clement et al. (1993) Finch & Sparrow. Christpher Helm, London.
Eguchi & Amano (2004) Spread of exotic birds in Japan. Ornithol Sci. 3, 3-12.
Eguchi & Fujimaki (eds) (2000) Check-List of Japanese Birds Sixth Revised Edition. The Ornithological Society of Japan, Tokyo (in Jpn)
Kawakami & Kanouchi (2012) The Handbook of Introduced Birds in Japan. Bun-ichi Sogo Shuppan, Tokyo (in Jpn)
Lepage (ed) (2003-2012) Avibase – the world bird database (Accessed on 2012-6-12) http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/
Long (1981) Introduced Birds of the World. David & Charles, Newton.
etc.

Because Lonchura atricapilla was regarded as a subspecies of L. malacca, some of the records for L. malacca may be those of L. atricapilla.