Pycnonotus sinensis

Basic information
Scientific name	Pycnonotus sinensis	Click to magnify
Common names	Light-vented bulbul
Higher taxon	Pycnonotidae, Passeriformes, Aves
Natural range	Continental China, Hainan Is., Taiwan, N Vietnam, and Yaeyama Islands. Three subspecies are recognized: P. s. sinensis (breeding in continent and Yaeyama); P. s. formosae (W Taiwan); P. s. hainanus (peripheral region of continent and Hainan Is.)
Habitat	Edge of forests, grass land, farm area, etc.

Invasion information
Range in Japan	Okinawajima Is. and several peripheral islands. Okinawajima population is regarded P. s. formosae.
Origin	Taiwan
Date	The first record in Okinawajima Is. was in Jan 1976. Also recorded in several peripheral islands such as Tokashikijima, Agunijima, Kumejima, etc., in 1990s.
Route	Deliberate: Escape or release of pet.
Impact	Actually: Competition with native birds. Damage on agriculture. Native organism(s) affected: Native birds such as Brown-eared Bulbul Microscelis amaurotis (competition). Crops (beans, tomato, cabbagy, lettuce, papaya, loquat, orange, pyracanth, etc.)
Regulation in Japan	No action for prevention, mitigation, control, or eradication.
Introduced range in other countries	None.

Reference

Notes

Eguchi & Amano (2000) Problems of introductions and naturalizations in birds. Jpn J Conserv Ecol. 5, 131-148 (in Jpn)
Eguchi & Amano (2004) Spread of exotic birds in Japan. Ornithol Sci. 3, 3-12.
Eguchi & Fujimaki (eds) (2000) Check-List of Japanese Birds Sixth Revised Edition. The Ornithological Society of Japan, Tokyo (in Jpn)
Higuchi et al. (eds) (1997) The Encyclopedia of Animals in Japan 4 Birds II. Heibonsha, Tokyo (in Jpn)
Kawakami & Kanouchi (2012) The Handbook of Introduced Birds in Japan. Bun-ichi Sogo Shuppan, Tokyo (in Jpn)
Kinjo (1998) The biology of the Chinese bulbul, Pycnonotus sinensis, and the methods to prevent the damage to crops in Okinawa Island. Plant Protection. 52, 397-402 (in Jpn)
Kinjo et al. (1987) Invasion of the Chinese bulbul, Pycnonotus sinensis, to Okinawa Island and the status of damage on vegetables by it. Plant Protection. 41, 428-432 (in Jpn)
Lepage (ed) (2003-2012) Avibase – the world bird database (Accessed on 2012-6-07) http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/
Yamasaki (2006) Taxonomic status of populations of light-vented bulbul Pycnonotus sinensis (Gumelin, 1789) (Passeriformes: Pycnonotidae) in Taiwan and southern Ryukyus. Zoological Studies. 45(2), 168-179.
etc.

100 of the Japan’s Worst Invasive Alien Species