Psittacula eupatria

Basic information
Scientific name	Psittacula eupatria	Click to magnify
Common names	Alexandrine parakeet
Higher taxon	Psittacidae, Psittaciformes, Aves
Natural range	Continental China, Indochina Peninsula, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan.
Habitat	Farm land, urban area with many trees, etc.

Invasion information
Range in Japan	Reproduction in Tokyo and occurrence in Kanagawa Pref. was recorded.
Origin	Unknown.
Date	Appeared in 1961 to 1981 around Tokyo.
Route	Deliberate: Escape or release of pet animal.
Impact	Potentially: Competition with native birds and potential host of psittacosis. Damage on agriculture (feeding on corn seed) in native range. Native organism(s) affected: Native birds (competition), mammals and birds (psittacosis), crops, etc.
Regulation in Japan	No action for prevention, mitigation, control, or eradication.
Introduced range in other countries	Netherland, Turkey, Iran, Arabian Peninsula, Israel, North America, etc.

Reference

Notes

Eguchi & Amano (2004) Spread of exotic birds in Japan. Ornithol Sci. 3, 3-12.
Eguchi & Fujimaki (eds) (2000) Check-List of Japanese Birds Sixth Revised Edition. The Ornithological Society of Japan, Tokyo (in Jpn)
Fukushi (2005) Advances on psittacosis. Modern Media. 51(7), 149-159 (in Jpn)
Juniper & Parr (1998) Parrots. Pica Press, East Sussex.
Kawakami & Kanouchi (2012) The Handbook of Introduced Birds in Japan. Bun-ichi Sogo Shuppan, Tokyo (in Jpn)
Kuroda (1968) Psittacidae of the World. Ornithol Soc Jpn, Tokyo (in Jpn)
Lepage (ed) (2003-2012) Avibase – the world bird database (Accessed on 2012-6-07) http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/
etc.