Aphelenchus avenae
[ref. ID; 1276]
Test system
Acute toxicity
Strains
Samples were taken near Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Toxicants
Cadmium chloride (CdCl2), Pentachlorophenol
Test design
LC50-tests were performed in water containing a defined mixture of minerals with concentrations resembling those found in interstitial water of sandy forest soils (K+: 0.1 mmol/L, Na+: 0.2 mmol/L, Ca2+: 0.35 mmol/L, Mg2+: 0.3 mmol/L, NH4+: 0.3 mmol/L, NO3-: 1.7 mmol/L, Cl-: 0.3 mmol/L) (Schouten and Van der Brugge 1989). pH 6.0+/-0.1.
Two replicates of the tests were carried out in multi-dishes (Greiner, 24 compartment plate, no. 662160) with lid and sealed with parafilm to minimize volatilization. Each compartment was filled with 0.9 ml of water containing toxicant. Samples of 0.1 ml of the multi-species suspension, containing 10-50 adult individuals of each species, were taken and suspended in each compartment. Temperature 20+/-0.1 degrees C in dark.
Measurements/observations
Mortality (24, 48, 72 and 96 hr).
Evaluations
LC50 according to the trimmed Spearmann-Karber method (Hamilton et al. 1977).
[ref. ID; 1767]
Test system
21-days food chain assay
Strain
From the Department of Nematology, Agricultural University in Wageningen, mixed culture of mycelium of fungus Alternaria solani & A. porri, pregnant worm.
Toxicants
CdCl2, Pb(NO3)2, and CdCl2+Pb(NO3)2
Temperature
25 degrees C
Test design/concentrations
Petri dishes (maltagar + fungus (uptaking heavy metals) + 5 worms): Fungus suspensions were incubated for 4 days in salt solutions (10, 100 and 250 ug/g Pb(NO3)2: 0, 1, 10, and 25 ug/g CdCl2: 10/1, 100/10, and 250/25 ug/g in combined Pb/Cd).
Measurements/observations
Number of nematoda.
[ref. ID; 2011]
Test system
Short-term (8 days) toxicity bioassay
Strain
Juvenile and adult
Toxicants
HgCl2
Temperature
21 degrees C
Test design/concentrations
Glass vessels (5 ml Madrid dechlorinated tap water, pH 7.0) x 3 replicates, dark, no fed, concentrations (0.1, 0.8, 1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 mg/l).
Measurements/observations
Number of juvenile and adult.
Evaluation
LC50