Polynitro-organic contaminants (PNOs)
[CL-20]
= 2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexazaisowurtzitane CAS[135285-90-4], = Nitramine
Trade name
CL-20
Purpose for use
Energetic compound (polycyclic nitramine explosive).
Test organisms
Protozoa: Tetrahymena pyriformis (ref. ID; 7772)
Oligochaeta: Eisenia andrei (ref. ID; 4572)
[Monocyclic nitramine explosives]
- Octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) CAS[2691-41-0]
- 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX)
- 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) CAS[118-96-7]
HMX
= Octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine CAS[2691-41-0], = 1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazacyclo-octane (ref. ID; 6865)
Purpose for use
High melting explosive.
Toxicity
This explosive is toxic to some aquatic organisms, including fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia magna, and some terrestrial organisms including mice and rats. But, HMX is not toxic to the bioluminescent bacteria Vibrio fisheri and is not cytotoxic or mutagenic to bacterial and mammalian cells in aqueous solutions of HMX. (ref. ID; 6115)
Test organisms
Protozoa: Tetrahymena pyriformis (ref. ID; 7772)
Oligochaeta: Eisenia andrei (ref. ID; 4958, 6115, 6817)
Oligochaeta: Lumbricus terrestris (ref. ID; 4958)
RDX
= 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane CAS[121-82-4] (ref. ID; 4958, 6817), = 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5,7-triazacyclohexane (ref. ID; 6865), = Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (ref. ID; 6927)
Test organisms
Protozoa: Tetrahymena pyriformis (ref. ID; 7772)
Oligochaeta: Eisenia andrei (ref. ID; 4958, 6817, 6927)
Oligochaeta: Lumbricus terrestris (ref. ID; 4958)
RDX metabolites
- Hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine (MNX) (ref. ID; 6927)
- Hexahydro-1,3-dinitroso-5-nitro-1,3,5-triazine (DNX) (ref. ID; 6927)
- Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitroso-1,3,5-triazine (TNX) (ref. ID; 6927)
TNT
= 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene CAS[118-96-7]
TNT metabolites
- 2-Amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT) CAS[35572-78-2]
- 4-Amino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-ADNT) CAS[19406-51-0]
- 2,4-Diamino-6-nitrotoluene (2,4-DANT) CAS[6629-29-4]
- 2,6-Diamino-4-nitrotoluene (2,6-DANT) CAS[59229-75-2]
- 2-Hydroxyamino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-HADNT)
- 4-Hydroxyamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-HADNT)
Biotransformation of TNT has been demonstrated in bacteria, fungi, plants, mammals and humans. The nitro-reduction of TNT into monoamino metabolites ([2-ADNT] and [4-ADNT] and then into diamino metabolites [2,4-DANT] and [2,6-DANT]) was the major metabolic pathway observed. (ref. ID; 7030)
Purpose for use
Energetic compounds.
TNT has been identified in soil at sites related to military activities. (ref. ID; 7030)
Toxicity
Mutagenicity/Carcinogenic. (ref. ID; 7030)
Test organisms
Protozoa: Tetrahymena pyriformis (ref. ID; 7772)
Oligochaeta: Eisenia andrei (ref. ID; 4958, 6817, 6865, 7030)
Oligochaeta: Enchytraeus albidus (ref. ID; 6130)
Oligochaeta: Lumbricus terrestris (ref. ID; 4958)
2-Amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-ADNT) CAS[35572-78-2]
Test organisms
Protozoa: Tetrahymena pyriformis (ref. ID; 7772)
2-Hydroxyamino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2-HADNT)
Test organisms
Protozoa: Tetrahymena pyriformis (ref. ID; 7772)
4-Hydroxyamino-2,6-dinitrotoluene (4-HADNT)
Test organisms
Protozoa: Tetrahymena pyriformis (ref. ID; 7772)
Other products of TNT manufacture
- Trinitrobenzene (TNB)
- 2,4-Dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT)
- 2,6-Dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT)
[Tetryl]
Test organisms
Protozoa: Tetrahymena pyriformis (ref. ID; 7772)