Invasion information | ||
Range in Japan | Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands. | |
Origin | Okinawa | |
Date | At first, small number of trees are introduced in 1899. Large scale introduction was since 1914. | |
Route | Deliberate: For erosion control, and as fuel. | |
Impact | Actually: Competition with native species. The impact may not so large as Bischofia javanica. The fallen leaves of this species and ironwood Casuarina equisetifolia are hard to be decomposed, and interfere the regeneration of native vegetation. Native organism(s) affected: Native vegatation. Loss of barren habitat may have caused local extinction of an endemic beetle of Ogasawara Cinidela bonia. | |
Regulation in Japan | No action for prevention, mitigation, control, or eradication. | |
Introduced range in other countries | Unknown. |
Reference | Notes |
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This species is not used as fuel currently. |